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Section 8

paul book 8

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26 views6 pages

Section 8

paul book 8

Uploaded by

minalzumba
Copyright
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIT 24 BALANCING THE AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM OBJECTIVES After completing the study of this unit, the student will be able to * define the phrase “balancing the air-conditioning system.” list the steps in the procedure for obtaining a heating system balance. * perform the procedure for the thermometer method of balancing the system. * describe the procedures used in balancing the system for the following methods. 1, velometer or anemometer method 2, Pitot tube method ‘+ make the necessary adjustments to balance the cooling system. ‘Once the air-conditioning system is installed, it must be adjusted to insure that the right amount of air is being distributed in the required spaces to accomplish the design objectives. The adjustment of the air-conditioning system is known as balancing the system. ‘The fan must be adjusted to detiver enough air at the proper velocity to provide a satisfactory heating or cooling time across the heating surface or the cooling coil. For this reason, the fan must be properly sized and adjusted to a speed that sends enough heated or cooled air to the rooms. HEATING SYSTEM BALANCE The speed of the fan is adjusted to the point that permits a temperature rise of approximately 90°F across the heating surface. For most equipment, this rise should never be more than 100°F. Such a limitation is necessary to prevent damage to the heat exchanger. Procedure for Balancing 1. Obtain a temperaure reading at the return duct just before the duct enters the unit and another reading at the supply duct just after the duct leaves the unit. 304 ™ Section 8 Balancing the System 2. Compare the two readings, a. If the difference between the readings is greater than 100°F, the fan speed should be increased. b. If the temperature difference is less than 85°F to 90°F, the fan speed should be decreased to allow more time for the air to pick up heat from the heating surface. The fan speed is usually adjusted by changing the position of the pul- ley flanges or by substituting a pulley of another size. 3. Set the fan cut-in switch at approximately 10°F. This setting can be varied depending upon the tyne of outlets used. If high wall outlets are used, set the cut-in point a few degrees dower than 110°F; if low wall outlets are used, set the cut-in point a few degrees higher than 110°F. 4, Set the fan cutout switch at a value approximately 10°F to 15°F lower than the cut-in temperature. For a 15°F difference between cut-in and cutout, the fan should run for long periods and stop for short periods. Continuous or almost continuous fan operation is desirable for a heating application because it tends to prevent cold drafts. 5. Set’ the high limit bonnet temperature control according to the manufacturer's instructions; this setting is usually 200°F or lower. 6. Adjust the supply registers and dampers. ‘The Thermometer Method The thermometer method of balancing is considered to be reasonably accurate. ‘This method is one of the simplest approaches to balancing and is suitable for resi- dential and small commercial systems. 1. If the system is running, shut it off. 2. Place a thesmometer in each room or in each area supplied by the system. 3. Place a thermometer at the thermostat. The thermometers should be located at the same level as the thermostat controlling the system. 4. Open all dampers and registers, figure 24-1. FLAP SQUEEZE SPLITTER Fig. 24-1 Types of volume dampers Unit 24 Balancing the Air-conditioning System ™ 305 $. Tur the system on. 6. Allow the system to operate until the temperatures stabilize at each thermometer. (Stabilization may take 20 minutes or more.) 7. Read the temperature from each thermometer. 8. If the temperature readings in some rooms or areas are higher than the thermom- eter reading at the thermostat, slightly close the damper in that room or area. Closing the damper allows less heat to enter one area and permits more heat for other areas. 9. Allow the system to operate until the temperatures stabilize again. Then take a second reading at each thermometer. 10. Repeat this process until the temperature variation from room to room is no more than two or three degrees. ‘The Short Method ‘The short method of balancing a system requires the least amount of time of all methods, but should be attempted only by an experienced technician. The pro- cedure for the short method is as follows: 1, Open the dampers in the longest duct runs to the full open position. 2. Open the dampers in the shortest duct runs to the 1/4 or 1/2 damper position, figure 242. 3. Open the dampers in the medium length duct runs to a position somewhere between 1/4 and full open, depending upon the number of turns in the duct run. 4. The dampers are then readjusted as neces- sary, according to the preferences of the ‘owner. ‘The Velometer or Anemometer Method ‘The velometer or anemometer method of balancing a system requires instruments. ‘The use of the necessary instruments varies according to the instructions of the manu- facturer. In general, accuracy can be achieved by taking readings with the velometer or anemometer at the return grilles. If outside air is used, the readings should be taken at the supply registers, Procedure 1. Obtain readings with a velometer at several places across the face of the register, figure 24-4, page 306. 2. Add the velocity readings from the velometer. Determine the average reading by dividing the sum by the number of readings taken. 306 Section 8 Balancing the System

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