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Complex Numbers - Formula Sheet

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39 views1 page

Complex Numbers - Formula Sheet

Uploaded by

elnourraghad01
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Complex Numbers – Formula Sheet:

Complex Numbers in Rectangular Form: Imaginary Numbers:

𝑖 = √−1 𝑖 2 = −1 𝑖 3 = −𝑖 𝑖4 = 1

Complex Number in Rectangular Form:

𝑧 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑖

𝑎 = 𝑟 cos 𝜃 𝑏 = 𝑟 sin 𝜃

Absolute Value:

|𝑧| = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2

Complex Numbers in Polar Form: Complex Numbers in Polar Form:

𝑧1 = 𝑟1 [cos 𝜃1 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃1 ]
𝑧2 = 𝑟2 [cos 𝜃2 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃2 ]

Modulus (𝒓) and Argument (𝜽):

𝑟 = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2

𝑏
𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
𝑎

Product of Two Complex Numbers: Quotient of Two Complex Numbers:

𝑧1 ∙ 𝑧2 = 𝑟1 𝑟2 [cos(𝜃1 + 𝜃2 ) + 𝑖 sin(𝜃1 + 𝜃2 )] 𝑧1 𝑟1
= [cos(𝜃1 − 𝜃2 ) + 𝑖 sin(𝜃1 − 𝜃2 )]
𝑧2 𝑟2

De Moivre’s Theorem – Power of Complex Number: De Moivre’s Theorem – Roots of Complex Number:

𝑧 𝑛 = 𝑟 𝑛 [cos(𝑛𝜃) + 𝑖 sin(𝑛𝜃)] 𝑛 𝜃 + 2𝜋𝑘 𝜃 + 2𝜋𝑘


𝑧𝑘 = √𝑟 [cos ( ) + 𝑖 sin ( )]
𝑛 𝑛

Exponential to Polar Form: 𝑛 𝜃 + 360°𝑘 𝜃 + 360°𝑘


𝑧𝑘 = √𝑟 [cos ( ) + 𝑖 sin ( )]
𝑛 𝑛
𝑒 𝑖𝜃 = cos 𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃
𝑘 = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, … 𝑛 − 1
𝑒 𝑖(0°) = 1 𝑒 𝑖(90°) = 𝑖
Shortcut Notation:
𝑒 𝑖(180°)
= −1 𝑒 𝑖(270°)
= −𝑖 𝑟 𝑐𝑖𝑠 𝜃 = 𝑟[cos 𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃]

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