Ets’ comms A bridge is a structure (having a total length of above 6.0m) providing passage over an obstacle without closing the way beneath. The required passage may be for a road, a railway, pedestrians, a canal or a pipeline. The obstacle to be crossed may be a river, a road, railway or a valley.| EES C.! “ BASED ON MATERIAL:- TIMBER BRIDGE , STONE BRIDGE , RCC BRIDGE, STEEL ee COMPOSITE BRIDGE, PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE ETC. + AS PER ALIGNMENT :- STRAIGHT BRIDGE & SKEW BRIDGE * AS PER LOCATION OF BRIDGE FLOORING :- DECK BRIDGE, THROUGH BRIDGE & SEMI-THROUGH BRIDGE + BASED ON FUNCTION ;- RIVER BRIDGE/BRIDGE OVER STREAM, FLYOVER, VAIDUCT, GRADE SEPARATOR, RAILWAY BRIDGES (ROB & RUB), FOOT OVER BRIDGE (FOB), SUBWAY, UNDERPASS, OVERPASS ETC. “+ BASED ON H.E.L :- SUBMERSIBLE BRIDGE & NON-SUBMERSIBLE BRIDGE + BASED ON SUPER-STRUCTURE:- SLAB (SOLID/ VOIDED) , GIRDERS (BOX, I, T & etc), ARCH, SINGLE/MULISPAN BOX, SUSPENSION, CABLE-STAYED, EXTRA-DOSE D, TRUSS . PAGE 1 OF 2EE Gx + BASED ON TYPE OF SPAN:- f SIMPLY SUPRORTED BRIDGE, CONTINUOUS BRIDGE, CANTILEVER: BRIDGE, BALANCE CANTILEVER BRIDGE “BASED ON SPAN LENGTH :- MINOR BRIDGE, MAJOR BRIDGE, LONG SPAN BRIDGE *BASED ON SUPPORT FOR SUPER-STRUCTURE:- SIMPLY SUPRORTED , CONTINUOUS , BALANCE CANTILEVER , INTEGRAL, CABLE SUPPORTED, + ACCORDING TO NEVIGATION FACILITY:- SWING BRIDGE, BASCULE BRIDGE , TRAVERSER BRIDGE , LIFT BRIDGE , TRANSPORTER BRIDGE “+ ACCORDING TO LIFE OF BRIDGE :- PERMANENT BRIDGE , TEMPORARY BRIDGE + ACCORDING TO DEGREE OF REDUNDANCY:- DETERMINATE , INDERMINATE. PAGE 2 OF 2we Cxe crv. ste » & SUPER-STRUCTURE * DECK SLAB + GIRDER (BEAM) + EXPANSION JOINTS + CARSH BARRIER & RAILINGS + APPROACH SLAB & ETC. “ BEARINGS * SUB- STRUCTURE + ABUTMENT + PIER + DIRT WALL + RETURN WALLS & ETC. “ FOUDATION& & BASIC COMPONENTS OF BRIDGE Cx © OF Expansion © OF expansion © OF Expansion vomT JORT Cres on a SPAN LENGTH _ SPANKENGTH WEARING | EXPANSION JOINT ABUTMENT ABUTMENT PIER LONGITUDINAL SECTION (DRAWN BY CHETAN SINGH BISHT)— Oo erage re om | CATS H roormaril SUPER-STROUTURE exo cROSs commen LobarruBAUA. GRER fp eset emnen SUB-STRUCTURE FOUNDATION -rouwoa tion \ y CROSS SECTION OF BRIDGE (ORAWN BY CHETAN SiniGH BiSHT)eee care crvmatet The principal function of a bridge deck is to provide support to local vertical loads (from highway traffic, railway or pedestrians) and transmit these loads to the primary super-structure of the bridge. 4 a = E 5: a = es cy 4T2 Cxe cyanate Horizontal main structural member that supports vertical loads. Girders are primary support for the deck slab of bridge , and are responsible for transferring the load down to the foundation. ¥ Gil e = = i = 3 G ere)ANSION JOIN care crvmatet Bridge expansion joints (or movement joints) are designed to enable continuous traffic between two structures and are necessary to accommodate structural movements due to creep and shrinkage effects, temperature variations or deformations. under live load. They are suitable for reinforced concrete, pre- stressed concrete, composite and steel structures, and particularly for bridge decks. Bridge expansion joints are also designed to allow sufficient vertical movement so that bearings can be replaced without needing todisas: "* " yansion joint.ESE ‘Abarrir provided atthe side of carriageway designed to reduce the risk of serious accidents Cxre. cat] by ung eer vetoes bck nt ad eal NN Barrier installed on the edge of a bridge from safety considerations and intended to restrain : users from falling off the bridge. Fig 1 Dotats of Concrete Craah Garis & Rating for shoaing Briggs with Footsat Fig. 2 Detate of Crash Barner tor Britges Fig. 3 Dotate 0 High Contatemant Crash Barrer ‘without Footpat=EGOSEOE :,' oxo The approach slab which is usually provided on either side of bridge, function as an interface between the bridge structure and approach roadway . The slab serves to minimize bumps to traffic and the resulting impact to abutment due to potential differential settlement between the approach embankment and the the abutment . APPROACH SLABT2 Cae CIV Bridge bearings are structural equipment or devices installed between bridge substructure and superstructure. Bridge bearing carries the loads or movement in both vertical and horizontal directions from the bridge superstructure and transfers those loads to the bridge piers and abutments. The loads can be live load and dead toad in vertical directions, or wind load, earthquake load, etc., in horizontal directions. = a a a a : 6 siAN ase ?; 4 Abutment is a sub-structure component of bridge which support the end of a super-structure of bridge and retains part or whole of the bridge approach fills. And also transmit the load from the bridge superstructure to the underlying sub-soil.a Ej ra Fs 3 Ti F Ccxae CITES The intermediate supports for the super-structure of a multi span bridges. Pier transmit the load from the bridge superstructure to the underneath sub-soil.wall ew r Dirt wall is a vertical wall projecting from abutment cap to prevent spill of earthi/paverent materials and also to support approach siab. APPROACH SLABwt Cxe _. Avertical wall adjacent to abutment generally parallel to road & right angle to the abutments to retain approach embankment and raised up to the top of road. = =f fesirele-(s)Cae. COVER ye EA Foundtion: is that part of a bridge structure, which is in direct contact with and transmitting loads to the founding strata. Bridge Foundation alta foundation can be open, pile or well type. The structural, hydraulic, and geotechnical aspects of foundation design shall be coordinated prior to finalization of the conceptual design and foundation type. Consideration should be given to the following: a) ‘b) <) d) Interdependence of design for foundation, substructure and superstructure, ‘Type of sub-strata, Hydraulic and Hydrological considerations Constructability Effect of protection works on foundation design.