SCIENCE 10
Identification.
__________________ 1. The process that takes place in the ribosomes through which the cells generate new
proteins
__________________ 2. A segment or segments of DNA molecule
__________________ 3. He introduced the basis of inheritance
__________________ 4. He identified the basic structure of a DNA nucleotide
__________________ 5. He explained the base-pairing in DNA
__________________ 6. Her data collected became helpful in identifying the structure of DNA
__________________ 7. An error that occurs in one of the genes
True or False. If the answer is false, change the underlined word(s) to make the statement true.
__________________ 1. The sugar found in RNA is deoxyribose.
__________________ 2. The DNA molecule is double stranded and the RNA molecule is single stranded.
__________________ 2. The process of translation occurs at the ribosome.
__________________ 3. Transcription must occur before translation may occur.
__________________ 4. The job of the mRNA is to pick up amino acids and transport them to the ribosomes.
Multiple choice.
1. The codon is located on the
a. mRNA, b. tRNA, c. DNA
2. Which of the following is attached to the transfer RNA (tRNA)?
a. DNA b. ribosome c. amino acid d. nucleic acid
3. In the RNA molecule, which nitrogen base is found in place of thymine?
a. guanine b. cytosine c. uracil d. thymine
4. During the process of transcription, which of the following is produced?
a. H2O b. ATP c. mRNA d. DNA
5. The actual site of protein synthesis is the
a. nucleus b. mitochondrion c. chloroplast d. ribosome
6. If the DNA template reads “ATA”, then which of the following would be the corresponding sequence on the
mRNA?
a. UAU b. ATA c. TUT d. UCU
7. Amino acids are held together by ________ bonds.
a. hydrogen b. peptide c. ionic d. high energy
8. How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids?
a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 12
9. One similarity between the DNA and messenger RNA molecules is that they both contain
a. the same sugar
b. genetic codes based on sequences of bases
c. a nitrogenous base known as uracil
d. double-stranded polymers
10. Some events that take place during the synthesis of a specific protein are listed below.
A. Messenger RNA attaches to a ribosome
B. DNA serves as a template for RNA production
C. Transfer RNA bonds to a specific codon
D. Amino acids are bonded together
E. RNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
The correct order of these events is
a. B E A C D b. D A E C B c. B C E D A d. C B A E D
11. What is the complementary messenger RNA sequence for the DNA sequence shown?
C A A G G T
a. G-T-T-C-C-A b. C-A-A-G-G-U c. G-U-U-C-C-A d. C-A-A-G-G-T
12. Process 2 is known as
a. replication b. mutation c. transcription d. translation
Enzymes
2 3 Polypetides 4
DNA RNA
1 5
13. What is the product of process 3? Cell parts
a. a strand of DNA c. a strand of RNA
b. two complementary strands of DNA d. a chain of amino acids
14. What is the role of tRNA during translation?
a. bond to open the DNA strand to carry the code for protein synthesis out of the nucleus
b. carry ribosomes to the site of protein synthesis
c. break apart mRNA and send it back to the nucleus so that it can be reused
d. carry amino acids to the mRNA for correct placement into protein chain
For each event below, write the stage of protein synthesis in which it occurs. (Transcription, translation, both, or
neither)
1. 2 new DNA strands form _______________________
2. RNA leaves the nucleus _______________________
3. Complementary base pairing _______________________
4. mRNA is formed _______________________
5. 5. Codons and anticodons match up at the ribosome _______________________
6. Polypeptide is formed _______________________
7. Cell gets ready to divide _______________________
8. DNA unzips _______________________
9. tRNA performs its job _______________________
Write the function of each type of RNA?
1. tRNA
2. mRNA
Explain the role of tRNA in protein synthesis. Use complete sentences.
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DNA is often referred to as the “blueprint” for humans. Using your knowledge of the role of DNA and the importance
of proteins, provide support for this claim.
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