 1. All of the following describes the extrinsic muscle, except?

o Originate outside the tongue and insert into connective tissues in the tongue
o Move the tongue side to side and in and out
o Alter the shape of the tongue
o AOTA
o ANSWER→D

 2. Digestion of proteins begins in the
o Esophagus
o Stomach
o Small Intestine
o Large Intestine
o ANSWER→STOMACH

 3. Which of the following describe the pyloric sphincter?
o Sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the large intestine
from the small intestine
o Sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine
from the stomach
o Sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the stomach from
the esophagus
o Sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine
from the esophagus
o ANSWER→Sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the
small intestine from the stomach

 4. Which of the following describe the ileocecal sphincter?
o Sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the large intestine
from the small intestine
o Sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine
from the stomach
o Sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the stomach from
the esophagus
o Sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the small intestine
from the esophagus
o ANSWER→Sphincter responsible for controlling the food movement into the
large intestine from the small intestine

 5. Which of the following meal will be emptied first?
o 300 cal semi solid high protein
o 300 cal liquid high carbohydrates
o 300 cal liquid high protein
o 300 cal solid high protein
o ANSWER→300 cal liquid high carbohydrates

 6. Gastric pits are the openings to the gastric glands, which contains
 o Mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells
o Mucous neck cells, beta cells, parietal cells
o Mucous neck cells, nerve cells, chief cells
o NOTA
o ANSWER→Mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells

 7. If bile contains either insufficient bile salts or lecithin or excessive cholesterol, the
cholesterol may crystallize to form
o Hepatitis
o Pancreatitis
o Gallstones
o IBD
o ANSWER→Gallstones

 8. An activating brush border enzyme that splits off part of the trypsinogen
molecule to form trypsin
o Eterokinase
o Kinterokinase
o Enterokinase
o NOTA
o ANSWER→ENTEROKINASE

 9. Voluntary stage
o Stage in which the chyme is passed into the oropharynx
o Stage in which the bolus is passed into the nasopharynx
o Stage in which the bolus is passed into the oropharynx
o Stage in which the chyme is passed into the nasopharynx
o ANSWER→Stage in which the bolus is passed into the oropharynx

 10. Esophageal stage
o Passage of the bolus through the esophagus into the stomach
o Passage of the chyme through the esophagus into the stomach
o Passage of the chyme through the esophagus into the small intestine
o Passage of the bolus through the esophagus into the small intestine
o ANSWER→Passage of the bolus through the esophagus into the stomach

 11. Chief cells of the stomach
o Secrete pepsinogen
o Secrete trypsinogen
o Secrete chymotrypsinogen
o AOTA
o ANSWER→Secrete pepsinogen

 12. Which of the following describe the gallbladder?
o Largest internal organ of the body
o Saclike structure for bile storage
 o Complex organ composed of both endocrine and exocrine tissues
o Major events of absorption
o ANSWER→Saclike structure for bile storage

 13. All of the following describes the large intestine, except:
o It consists of the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal
o The colon stores the feces until they are eliminated by defecation.
o The large intestine is where the greatest amount of digestion and absorption
occurs.
o NOTA
o ANSWER→The large intestine is where the greatest amount of digestion and
absorption occurs.

 14. A minor amount of carbohydrate digestion begins in the oral cavity with the
partial digestion of starches by
o Patayalin
o Gastrin
o Ptyalin
o Tayalin
o ANSWER→PYTALIN

 15. Deglutition or swallowing center
o Medulla and lower pons
o Medulla and upper pons
o Lower pons and midbrain
o Upper pons and midbrain
o ANSWER→MEDULLA AND LOWER PONS

 16. Pharyngeal Stage
o Passage of bolus through the pharynx into the stomach
o Passage of the chyme through the pharynx into the esophagus
o Passage of the bolus through the pharynx into the esophagus
o Passage of the chyme through the pharynx into stomach
o ANSWER→Passage of the bolus through the pharynx into the esophagus

 17. Normally, the movement of the contents of the gastrointestinal tract is slowest
along this segment
o Mouth
o Large intestine
o Esophagus
o Small intestine
o Stomach
o ANSWER→LARGE INTESTINE

 18. The ileum and distal jejunum of a 34yo man are ruptured in an automobile
accident. The entire ileum and a portion of the jejunum are resected. What is most
likely to occur in this man?
o Constipation
o Vitamin B12 deficiency
o GERD
o Gastric Ulcer
o ANSWER→VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY

 19. Which of the following describe GERD?
o If the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered
the stomach, the stomach contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior portion of
the esophagus.
o If the upper esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after the food has
entered the stomach, the stomach contents can reflux (back up) into the inferior
portion of the esophagus.
o If the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered
the small intestine, the small intestine contents can reflux (back up) into the
inferior portion of the esophagus.
o If the upper esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after food has entered
the small intestine, the small intestine contents can reflux (back up) into the
inferior portion of the esophagus.
o ANSWER→If the lower esophageal sphincter fails to close adequately after
food has entered the stomach, the stomach contents can reflux (back up) into
the inferior portion of the esophagus.

 20. The bolus stimulates receptors in the oropharynx, which sends impulses to the
deglutition center. The returning impulses cause the
o Soft palate and larynx move upward to close off the nasopharynx. Uvula is pulled
forward and upward sealing off the respiratory tract.
o Soft palate and uvula move downward to close off the nasopharynx. Larynx is
pulled backward and downward sealing off the respiratory tract
o Soft palate and larynx move downward to close off the nasopharynx. Uvula is
pulled backward and downward sealing off the respiratory tract.
o Soft palate and the uvula move upward to close off the nasopharynx. Larynx is
pulled forward and upward sealing off the respiratory tract
o ANSWER→Soft palate and the uvula move upward to close off the
nasopharynx. Larynx is pulled forward and upward sealing off the
respiratory tract

 21. Referred pain for: colon
o Right groin area
o Low back area
o Sacrum
o Shoulder blades
o ANSWER→LOW BACK PAIN

 22. Referred pain for: spleen
o Left shoulder
o Right shoulder
o Lateral border of the right scapula
o Sacrum
o ANSWER→LEFT SHOULDER

 23. Which of the following describe the motor function of the stomach?
o Storage of large quantities of food until the food can be processed
o Mixing of this food with gastric secretions until it forms a semifluid mixture
called chyme
o Slow emptying of the chyme from the stomach into the small intestine at a rate
suitable for proper digestion and absorption by the small intestine.
o AOTA
o ANSWER→AOTA

 24. Defecation Reflex
o Reflex that empties the ileum
o Reflex that empties stomach
o Reflex that empties the rectum
o Reflex that empties the cecum
o ANSWER→Reflex that empties the rectum

 25. The roof of the oral cavity is divided into the hard and soft palates. The hard
palate forms the posterior portion and the soft palate forms the anterior portion of
the roof of the mouth.
o First statement is true. Second statement is false.
o First statement is false. Second statement is true.
o Both statements are true
o Both statements are false.
o ANSWER→First statement is true. Second statement is false.

 26. Twenty deciduous teeth are replaced by
o 31 permanent teeth
o 32 permanent teeth
o 33 permanent teeth
o 35 permanent teeth
o ANSWER→32 PERMANNENT TEETH

 27. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) from the stomach contents can irritate the esophageal
wall, resulting in a burning sensation that is called
o Heartburn
o Thyroid Storm
o Heartstop
o NOTA
 o ANSWER→HEARTBURN

 28. Normal amount of bile
o 1000-1500ml
o 200-500ml
o 800-1000L
o NOTA
o ANSWER→NOTA

 29. Ingested carbohydrates consist primarily of
o Polysaccharides, such as starches; disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and
lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose (the
sugar found in many fruits).
o Polysaccharides, such as sucrose; disaccharides, such as starch(table sugar) and
lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose (the
sugar found in many fruits).
o Polysaccharides, such as starches; disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and
lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as maltose and fructose (the
sugar found in many fruits).
o Polysaccharides, such as maltose; disaccharides, such as sucrose (table sugar) and
lactose (milk sugar); and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits)
o ANSWER→Polysaccharides, such as starches; disaccharides, such as sucrose
(table sugar) and lactose (milk sugar); and monosaccharides, such as glucose
and fructose (the sugar found in many fruits).

 30. Pain associated with small intestine
o Chest area
o Epigastric area
o Umbilical area
o Suprapubic area
o ANSWER→UMBILICAL AREA
