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The document discusses the organization and functioning of various types of memory chips, including SRAM and ROM cells, detailing their internal structures and operations. It explains how data is stored, read, and managed within these chips, as well as the role of transistors and capacitors in memory functionality. Additionally, it touches on the relationship between memory address registers (MAR) and processors in data transfer processes.
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Save COM Assignment 2 Compressed Compressed 11zon For Later Assignment Noro acm
cm) DeSenibe inbennad Ongonization of remo
Chips gsutty i
Ag! _oagantzadlon “oft bik_celis ino
eee chiles = wel
| = memo: y cells ane Yusualig Srganized in
eee are _OP anor in aphich Sach
egret —
Motion.
ee
aang gow of calls constitutes _a_
sd_,Qnd ol\ cells of O 70% __
common line seffeszed —pe
_=.aohien is: chiven_by-the-aridaess—decodes 7
| op, the chip. the. celis in ebich-colorn §
one cepnecied toa seneSlamibe Clecuit f
by aso il lines. —
| she sense! cosite clnculks ome cannected F
lo the dota input) oudpot ines OF the
L —Chi ps i
=—__ pus og—._read operation, these circuits Ce
Sense, OD read, the ink abt! 2. in ae
the cells, Selech a mend line ond
| deansmit. this infosmatiton to tbe ablpot je-
doia lines+ fe
{= poring o_ copite cpenatian , thi
__conite ‘Cincuits aeceive inpet infeomatian —_
| and _Sicme jt in the cells of the selerled —_
esos
= an this Pig cxweample oF i small |
| emer: pip cons! ins =
| of @& Hits cach.
+ +his [6 mefPered bo as a [¢:Se ye acc |_ Cn lzatia,
a ps “P sj Organi a
1 eck
io Gud sess A & TT
7 fF = 6-bil 92432
a detect ae _{_ memory cel a.
Eas) '
O3e.
=!
7 Sense]
Ee j
: a2 -to - | j
——— Output = AS 2
- Mor leoreny y
A - in ioe cs
u
Lti Plane
S-bit { ;
J ~
‘adds ess Bat
ageor_sequined | LO-bit meee
‘ae Olo_beio qaoyes oF 5-hiks cach 5|
OO r
ng _coniain a modh. lange, Fr —
|
|= mem: chips.
Se ee se oe | ce}ig. ——_— a
Ea e chips—haw 2 ogsentially: the Same F a
1 teotiog as io Ae bob sed =e
______|-ongex_ memo: ce) omay and hove. re
mose eavieniicy—conn Ons. =
a 4M -bit chip mas rT
__| = fer ‘epee mples
ewe o sik oaganlzallen,1o—thich C=
mse 19 addness and 8 dola— sufhpull|.culpy
ins_cine needed. chips coil a. capacity |
oP bondweds of megobils ape Now ’
|e joui fara + —_____— —_ —
‘ee _ i
_@:3) fea Intesnad _onganizad ion of SRAM cell? ls
7 |_ Discuss its -sporting Ree
SE——~ | f= Miemanies that Consist oP -ciacult capable of -
—__ i! —setoining thela stale as jong cs power Is.
une | | appiied axe known as sloftc mMemevies,
—~_ fig ostaotes how a Stallic Ram cseam)
oT esi may be implemented.
—— J + =o _Inyenteas ane cnass— conneded ta.
— Po} eer a joteh. the jaicn is conned ed to
. e . e 4
ich | _} tose bit lines by laonststers 11 and to. -
GitpyE | — these daansistas acts as, Smibches Hhad.
i -Gem_be Opened on closed andes conlrol_
GP _the ¢csoxd line. tshen the ceend tine
[1S 64 gavnd level, the transisteas ove
toaned. OFP and 4h® latch retains \ks stale,
2? Po) Reo d_operatian. -
=i esdes ta zead the clode ar the spay -
cell, the Gooad line is cclivated to cloge
| Sepliches 1 Onelte. aP Lhe cell in stated =
{the Signal an bit line b is high and the
igned on bit tine bt is loc.
—Ibe_ oppesite is tnaue IF the cell is in
e=s State Oo. sthes, b and bi ome complements —
Each obhea Sense) conite ciycuits at
thé ena af the bit itnes mantboa ths
Sic! boinc +) b! d& cep jhe o/P accordingly }
5 mation. aa
af dhe cel) jS sel b placing Lhe. 1
lolue on bit tine bard its___~
an brand then ochival(ng—the_—
is 2 6 ihe _cell inte- the
_pequited Signals
eg aies by Sensedeanite:
S ase gen (3!
ieS sig _A_single -treinsist ood synniic_menony bee
| eel]: Law
|= Static RAMs cme Fast, but they come ol
| 9 high cost hecouse theig calls equine __
Severo) tmansisters. eS ee
___ |= Less enepensive Rams can be Implemenis |
eater = they one cabled os
| misono cell ja the fast _aP a choxge
tom, nel this chaage con —————
| le Simples celis cme “se cl,_Hacsseu 63,
Goch catis de not selaln shel slote
Rams COR! pt
* tnfoa mation is Sioned ina alyramic tte
1
|
i ! time ibs.
contents post be pa cally >ef ouasheie aby aking thecal paciten_chaage in tis 4
Ff vetve®
ie |) =—ynom ic_ memes ceil that congisis of —
5 _—-a_CGpacites_¢. ata a -mansision TT, 4
th ea cdes —to_siere infoamiatfon in this cell, -
ee T_{Steaped on and an _—-
= mepricie _Yeliage js applied to the bit —
ine: this _caose @ known amon of -
CShaage te he Stored jin the capaciter. —
aiiine 1s < Activated, pansistos ts —
esed, Switch@s ig clasad- _Enecen voltage -
is_given Lo bhe hit tine, Pram bitline fh
mil _go to the copacitoy.
E_Stose ihe infssamatlen fom ap -
atge_iN_a._capacitss._@. 6) Draw a Rom cell and explain 1 laten =
SB tine: oer sal T+
— @esad line a, |
. re —~ Es
————
ee ye 8 L244
canneded to Store tts _ |
Net connecded to =
f 1 er |e Skose Od _
i
sf Rom cet) |
- possible _cenPigoutaton fea_o J i a
| ROM cell. A logic Valve o is Skoved ig
| the cell iP the toansiskos is connected =}
10 _eponnd ot point _P: e@theawise,a 1 |
LS. Stored: Tt
= the bit Iine_is connected —Ehaaug'h a si
wesistoy: to the power Supply. = 4
= to read ihe State of thé cell. the 2
| eoond line is activaled. thos, the =
i the Vaiage —
cone if =
Gonna
cuit al the end of
eg the prapea cutpvt value,| Dela: ape cositlan ikhow OO ROM ceihen it ig __-
| manufackused,
4
Y AWW Bs 5
y
y
: rc Describe MAR and mn {0 setaslonship -
~~" beleneen lad
ONd pascessayx apith -
Bag Case diatsann,
Precessos
—= Data transfers belemeen }}
pa aces Som_ takes place
EWO _proressay pa
he meme and ~
-—thrcugh- the © Igo.
egiistess Osval| a
and Mbp is N bits —
OMt mau ceniain —
cycles mn) bits. “of data. =
en the Ee and =es cy
i |
and n doto 1ines- The bus -alSo {vcd a)
Fe ar ore eastern
———memmy function completed CMEC) fo “E 3)
Pema.
Sethe fine! ines may) be adie
le _indicutes the numbés oh byt ces to be |
Psanstersed
=the connection between the pmocessn
ee ee p
athe pees ste eee late Cah ae.
____+the mem: adding Ene rcdaes. S|
[ OF bhe seqgnised memos locabktan. inky
Ehe MAR segistes and sting tania
ute to 4
esponds by placin,
the data fre the acidyecsed Jo
tion,
Biche de Pe entatihe. deta lines. dnd vpantin ms.
, this acion by oassesting the Mer Signal
i —tpon_seceipt of the MEc Signal, the |
; Prccessca loads the deta 90 the dal |
-——_____lineS_inte the Mink peqishes
-—— the —paocessom _cunites data inka .
location he address
ake ae sae
—Ehe aay ike MOR. ab (indicates thot
[ss open Atom i8_invelved ‘y—
3 ieIn PROM ; alors: tie date Jie ne oadente
by a uses.
location eatne bigh cement puso,
vee neato the cad: r
iaa_evevSahbie.
Bit line
connected bo
a Oz f
Not conneded to
Sicve a 7.——
[=
—
———sansed_cnel_areprogeommeds r=
A Special dransistas is-used=abilily i=
—___|—_ to finiiien eithex asa moamal% PF _
——|_taansistex on _as a disable transtsin.
cohich is. alcays tonned GPP
|= . ea
——— Can srase by snepoasing bbe chi, ma
BET ight alien dissipate The changes
—___| trapped jy a ncles ii aero Cel. |
|= The Chip must be pbys st_be_physicaliy * e0sed
Prom the sant Pom as =
___ bil line oS a
word line
TL
1
| Specia) teansistay |
= if
Moama) TX= Sioavi\| EEPROM!
| - EEPROM Stands on Elecia fondly —Exasable-
_|_ psegzammable Rom,
_= thet can be both programmed arcd—
_| erased electeicalt =
ee abies St ehipcacst all be _zencved —
ma Sollee.
= __ Can ©0050 cel: contains selective
| Jemclen of & Ll hat e
| bokb pacqmammed << ras ecl_slectotasliy.—
Such Chips, called FPEPRoMSs.
peepee iiANereaSINg
Size
ensing 1 Sl
Speed anew
Foate: tS
ee ea
— |= Secondary cache 1s placed bersueen_the —
__paimany coche and the zest ee
i
= His_usually implemented si
=the Neeet level in the bisra L
main memow. This —roadhes sree —
__Lis—impis: using i ’
SIMMS, OTrmis ow Riots
_ = DISK devices provide a hi
| _inesepensive stosage Soc)
| : eS ; S)ocs
Seat <6 npment theta ynemoay-
6 git