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Motion Chapter Notes

Chapter 7 covers the concepts of motion, including types such as translatory, circular, and vibratory motion, as well as the distinction between distance and displacement. It explains uniform and non-uniform motion, speed versus velocity, and introduces acceleration along with equations of motion for uniform acceleration. The chapter also discusses graphical representations of motion and key points regarding uniform circular motion.

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14 views2 pages

Motion Chapter Notes

Chapter 7 covers the concepts of motion, including types such as translatory, circular, and vibratory motion, as well as the distinction between distance and displacement. It explains uniform and non-uniform motion, speed versus velocity, and introduces acceleration along with equations of motion for uniform acceleration. The chapter also discusses graphical representations of motion and key points regarding uniform circular motion.

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jebinbrittoj
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 7: Motion - Notes

1. Motion & Rest

- Motion: Change in the position of an object over time.

- Rest: An object is at rest if it does not change its position with time.

- Relative Motion: An object may appear in motion to one observer and at rest to another.

2. Types of Motion

- Translatory (linear): Straight-line motion.

- Circular motion: Around a circular path.

- Rotatory motion: About its axis.

- Vibratory motion: Back and forth motion.

3. Distance vs Displacement

- Distance: Total path covered (scalar).

- Displacement: Shortest distance between initial and final positions (vector).

- Displacement can be zero even if distance is non-zero.

4. Uniform and Non-uniform Motion

- Uniform Motion: Equal distances in equal intervals.

- Non-uniform Motion: Unequal distances in equal intervals.

5. Speed & Velocity

- Speed = Distance / Time (scalar)

- Velocity = Displacement / Time (vector)

- Uniform velocity: Constant speed in a straight line.

- Variable velocity: Changing speed or direction or both.

6. Acceleration

- Acceleration = Change in velocity / Time

- Uniform acceleration: Equal velocity change per unit time.


- Non-uniform acceleration: Unequal change in velocity per unit time.

- Unit: m/s-

7. Equations of Motion (For Uniform Acceleration)

1. v = u + at

2. s = ut + -at-

3. v- = u- + 2as

Where: u = initial velocity, v = final velocity, a = acceleration, s = distance, t = time

8. Graphical Representation

a. Distance-Time Graphs:

- Straight line - uniform speed.

- Curved line - non-uniform speed.

b. Velocity-Time Graphs:

- Horizontal line - constant velocity.

- Sloped line - uniform acceleration.

- Area under graph = Displacement

9. Uniform Circular Motion

- Constant speed in a circular path.

- Velocity changes due to change in direction - Accelerated motion.

- Speed = 2-r / t

10. Key Points to Remember

- Distance is always - displacement.

- Speed is always - magnitude of velocity.

- Acceleration can be positive (speeding up) or negative (slowing down).

- In circular motion, acceleration is due to changing direction, not speed.

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