Thanks to visit codestin.com
Credit goes to www.scribd.com

Scribd
Upload
21 views3 pages

Class 10 Light Chapter Concept Rich Notes

The document provides an overview of the chapter on Light for Class 10 Science, covering key concepts such as reflection and refraction. It details the laws of reflection, types of mirrors, lens types, and their formulas, along with applications in everyday life. Additionally, it includes numerical examples to illustrate the concepts and a sign convention for measurements.

Uploaded by

pandayshard15
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views3 pages

Class 10 Light Chapter Concept Rich Notes

The document provides an overview of the chapter on Light for Class 10 Science, covering key concepts such as reflection and refraction. It details the laws of reflection, types of mirrors, lens types, and their formulas, along with applications in everyday life. Additionally, it includes numerical examples to illustrate the concepts and a sign convention for measurements.

Uploaded by

pandayshard15
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Class 10 Science - Light Chapter (Concept-Rich Notes)

Introduction to Light

Light is a form of energy which enables us to see objects. It travels in straight lines and undergoes reflection

and refraction when it hits surfaces or changes medium.

There are two key phenomena in this chapter:

1. Reflection of Light

2. Refraction of Light

Reflection of Light

- Reflection is the bouncing back of light from a polished surface.

- Laws of Reflection:

1. Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection

2. Incident ray, Reflected ray, and Normal lie on the same plane.

- Spherical Mirrors:

- Concave Mirror (converging): Can form real or virtual images

- Convex Mirror (diverging): Always forms virtual, erect, and diminished images

- Important terms: Pole (P), Centre of Curvature (C), Principal Axis, Focus (F), Radius of Curvature (R)

- Mirror Formula: 1/f = 1/v + 1/u

- Magnification: m = h_i/h_o = -v/u

Refraction of Light

- Refraction is the bending of light when it travels from one medium to another.

- Laws of Refraction:

1. Incident ray, Refracted ray, and Normal lie in the same plane.

2. Snell's Law: n1·sin(i) = n2·sin(r)


Class 10 Science - Light Chapter (Concept-Rich Notes)

- Refractive Index (n): n = speed of light in vacuum / speed of light in medium

- More refractive index -> light bends more towards normal

Lenses and Image Formation

- Lenses are transparent mediums bounded by two curved surfaces.

- Convex Lens (Converging): Can form real or virtual images

- Concave Lens (Diverging): Always forms virtual, erect and diminished images

- Lens Formula: 1/f = 1/v - 1/u

- Magnification: m = h_i/h_o = v/u

Concept Boosters & Numericals

- Sign Convention (New Cartesian Sign Convention):

- Distances measured against direction of incident light are negative.

- Heights above principal axis are positive.

- Sample Numerical (Mirror):

Q: An object is placed 10 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find image position.

Sol: 1/f = 1/v + 1/u => 1/(-15) = 1/v + 1/(-10)

v = -30 cm (real, inverted image)

- Sample Numerical (Lens):

Q: An object is placed 10 cm from a convex lens of focal length 15 cm. Find image position.

Sol: 1/f = 1/v - 1/u => 1/15 = 1/v - 1/10

v = 30 cm (real, inverted image)

Applications of Reflection and Refraction

- Rear-view mirrors in vehicles (Convex mirrors)

- Makeup mirrors (Concave mirrors)


Class 10 Science - Light Chapter (Concept-Rich Notes)

- Magnifying glass (Convex lens)

- Spectacles (Concave or Convex lenses based on defect)

- Camera lenses, microscopes, telescopes (combination of lenses and mirrors)

You might also like