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Class 10 Science Light Notes

The document covers key concepts of light, including its behavior of reflection and refraction. It details the laws of reflection, types of mirrors, and the mirror formula, as well as the laws of refraction, refractive index, and the characteristics of lenses. Additionally, it introduces the lens formula and the power of lenses, providing essential equations and definitions related to the topic.

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32 views1 page

Class 10 Science Light Notes

The document covers key concepts of light, including its behavior of reflection and refraction. It details the laws of reflection, types of mirrors, and the mirror formula, as well as the laws of refraction, refractive index, and the characteristics of lenses. Additionally, it introduces the lens formula and the power of lenses, providing essential equations and definitions related to the topic.

Uploaded by

rxz2fmb5f2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class 10 Science – Chapter: Light – Reflection and Refraction

■ **Key Concepts:**
1. **Light** travels in a straight line and undergoes reflection and refraction. 2.
**Reflection of Light**: Bouncing back of light from a smooth surface.
■ **Laws of Reflection:**
1. Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection 2. Incident ray, reflected ray, and normal
all lie in the same plane.
■ **Types of Reflection:**
1. Regular Reflection – from smooth surfaces. 2. Diffused Reflection – from rough
surfaces.
■ **Spherical Mirrors:**
1. **Concave Mirror** – converging mirror 2. **Convex Mirror** – diverging mirror
■ **Mirror Formula:**
1/f = 1/v + 1/u (sign convention applies)
■ **Refraction of Light:**
1. Bending of light when it passes from one medium to another. 2. Due to change
in speed of light in different media.
■ **Laws of Refraction:**
1. Incident ray, refracted ray and normal lie in the same plane. 2. Snell’s Law: n1
sin i = n2 sin r
■ **Refractive Index:**
n = speed of light in vacuum / speed of light in medium
■ **Lenses:**
1. **Convex Lens** – converges light rays 2. **Concave Lens** – diverges light
rays
■ **Lens Formula:**
1/f = 1/v – 1/u
■ **Power of Lens:**
P = 100/f (in cm); unit: Dioptre (D)

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