CHAPTER 2
DATA LITERACY
1. Which is used to know how to understand, work with, and talk about
data? It's about being able to collect, analyzed, and show data in ways
that make sense? Data literacy
2. _Data Security_ is used to protecting data from attackers who might want to
misuse it.
3. The___Data Literacy Process Framework___ provides guidance on using data
efficiently and with all levels of awareness.
4. Cultivating Data Literacy means Acquire,develop and improve data literacy
skills
5. Which type of data is used for Statistical Data? Quantitive data
6. Data Visualization relates to the manipulation of data to produce meaningful
insights.
7. _Primary Data Sources can include surveys, observations, questionnaires,
experiments, personal interviews and more.
8. Quantitative data can be collected through _Observations_ in a particular
time.
9. Data Analysis_ is used to examine each component of the data to draw
conclusions.
10. Data Feature _are the characteristics or properties of the data.
Short Question and Answers:
1. What is the importance of data visualization?
Ans: Analyzing complex data: Data visualization helps to analyze complex
data, identify patterns, and extract valuable insights.
● Simplifying complex information: Simplifying complex information and
presenting it visually enables decision-makers to make informed and
effective decisions quickly and accurately.
● Identifying trends and patterns: Data visualization tools provide an
accessible way to see and understand trends, patterns in data, and
outliers.
● Improving communication: Data visualization helps to communicate
complex information in a clear and concise manner, making it easier to
share insights with others.
2. Write the difference between Data Privacy and Data Security.
Ans: Data security is the practice of protecting digital information
from unauthorized access, corruption, or theft throughout its
entire lifecycle.
Data privacy referred to as information privacy is concerned with the
proper handling of sensitive data including personal data and other
confidential data, such as certain financial data and intellectual property
data, to meet regulatory requirements as well as protecting the
confidentiality and immutability of the data.
3. Write the difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Data.
Ans:
4. Define Data Acquisition and write the process of Acquiring Data.
Ans:
5. Write the best practices of Acquiring Data.
Ans: BEST PRACTICES FOR ACQUIRING DATA
1. Understand automation and control sources: Identify the right data
sources for your data acquisition needs, such as field instruments and
control systems.
2. Understand connectivity and interfaces: Know the different types of
interfaces needed for collecting and storing data.
3. Properly set up buffering: Enable buffering on interface nodes to
temporarily store collected data and prevent data loss.
4. Effectively plan backup and archiving: Differentiate between data
backups
and archiving and establish efficient plans for both.
5. Properly set up scan classes: Use scan classes to schedule data collection
at appropriate time intervals.
6. Organize data: Use software tools to organize collected data in a way
that makes sense for data consumers.
These best practices ensure efficient and effective data acquisition,
storage, and retrieval.
6. At which stage of the AI project cycle does Tableau software prove
useful?
Ans: In Data Exploration stage Tableau software prove useful for data visualize.
Data visualization is the process of turning data into visuals that are easy to
understand. It is used in various fields, including business, finance, healthcare,
and education. Data visualization helps people see, interact with, and better
understand data, making it easier to make informed decisions.
6. Name any five graphs that can be made using Tableau software
Ans: Five graphs that can be made using Tableau software
1. Pie Chart:
- Description: A common, but limited, visualization used to show how a
few dimensions compare to one another and the whole.
- Usage: Ideal for representing parts of a whole and showing percentage
distribution.
2. Bar Chart:
- Description: Used to categorize elements based on size. Can be ordered
or unordered based on the nature of the dimensions.
- Usage: Effective for comparing different categories or groups.
3. Line Chart:
- Description: Best used to show trends across time intervals. Multiple
lines can be used to compare categories within a dimension.
- Usage: Excellent for tracking changes over periods and identifying
trends.
4. Scatterplot:
- Description: Used to explore the correlation between two measures
with independent axes. Often combined with trendlines.
- Usage: Useful for identifying relationships and patterns between two
variables.
5. Histogram:
- Description: Histograms split a single continuous measure into bins, or
groups, to analyze distribution.
- Usage: Ideal for showing the distribution of a dataset and identifying
frequency patterns.
Detail Question and Answers:
1. Draw and explain the different stages of the Data Pyramid.
Ans:
Moving up from the bottom
● Data is available in a raw form. Data in this form is not very useful.
● Data is processed to give us information about the world.
● Information about the world leads to knowledge of how things are
happening.
● Wisdom allows us to understand why things are happening in a
particular
way.
2. Explain the Data Literacy Process Framework.
Ans:
3. Write the Do’s and Don’ts of cyber security.
Ans: DO’S and DON’T’S Of CYBER SECURITY
DO’s:
1. Use strong, unique passwords with a mix of characters for each account.
2. Activate Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) for added security.
3. Download software from trusted sources and scan files before opening.
4. Prioritize websites with "https://" for secure logins.
5. Keep your browser, OS, and antivirus updated regularly.
6. Adjust social media privacy settings for limited visibility to close
contacts.
7. Always lock your screen when away.
8. Connect only with trusted individuals online.
9. Use secure Wi-Fi networks.
10.Report online bullying to a trusted adult immediately.
Don’ts:
● Avoid sharing personal info like real name or phone number.
● Don't send pictures to strangers or post them on social media.
● Don't open emails or attachments from unknown sources.
● Ignore suspicious requests for personal info like bank account details.
● Keep passwords and security questions private.
● Don't copy copyrighted software without permission.
● Avoid cyber bullying or using offensive language online.
4. Explain the various stages of Data Acquisition.
Ans:
Acquiring Data – Sample Data Discovery
● We will require pictures of roads and the objects on roads
● We can search and download this data from the internet
● This process is called data discovery
Acquiring Data – Sample Data Augmentation
● Data augmentation means increasing the amount of data by adding
copies of existing data with small changes
● The image given here does not change, but we get data on the image by
changing different parameters like color and brightness
● New data is added by slightly changing the existing data
6. Explain the various Data Collection Methods using Qualitative and
Quantitative Data Interpretation.
7. In the below excel sheet-
● Is the Year qualitative or quantitative?
Ans :Quantitative: The Year represents numerical data indicating a specific
time, and it can be used for calculations (e.g., finding the range of years).
● Is Song Length discrete or continuous?
Ans:Continuous: Song Length can take any value within a range (e.g.,1.30
3.53 minutes). It can be measured to a finer degree of precision.
● Is the Genre discrete or continuous?
Ans: Discrete: Genre represents categories or labels (e.g., R&B, Hip-Hop,
Pop, Funk) and is not numerical or measurable on a continuous scale.
