Solution
PRACTICE SHEET
Class 12 - Physics
Section A
1.
(c) 2E
Explanation:
K×2q
Electric field due to the point charge = E = 2
r
K×q
Electric field due to the spherical shell = E' = 2
= 2E
(r/2)
2.
(c) 1
ε0
Explanation:
According to gauss law, total electric flux coming out from the surface is given by total charge enclosed divided by
permittivity.
The electric flux emerging out from one-coulomb charge is 1
ϵ0
.
3.
(d) E ∝ r2
Explanation:
ρ ∝ r ⇒ ρ = αr
dp = ρ dV = α r × 2 π dr × l
Using Guass's theorem,
r 2
∫ 2παlr dr
E ×2πrl = 0
ε0
3 2
E= 2παlr
3ε0 ×2πrl
=
αr
3ε0
∴ E ∝ r2
4.
(d) only displacement current exists.
Explanation:
only displacement current exists.
5.
(b) spheres
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Explanation:
For equipotential surface, these surfaces are perpendicular to the field lines. So, there must be electric field, which cannot be
without charge.
So, the algebraic sum of all charges must not be zero. Equipotential surface at a great distance means that space of charge is
negligible as compared to distance. So, the collection of charges is considered as a point charge.
Electric potential due to point charge is,
q
V = ke
r
which explains that electric potentials due to point charge is same for all equidistant points. The locus of these equidistant
points, which are at same potential, forms spherical surface.
6.
(d) 2ε0 A/D
Explanation:
The capacitance due to single capacitor is given as
C = ε 0
A
here 2 capacitors formed are in parallel
so total capacitance = C + C =∈ 1 2 0
A
d
+ ∈0
A
d
= 2 ∈0
A
d
Section B
7. (a) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
A is false but R is true.
8.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
9. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
10. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Section C
11. Let a be the radius of a sphere A, Q be the charge on the sphere and C be the capacitance of that sphere. Let b be the radius of
A A
a sphere B, Q be the charge on the sphere, and C be the capacitance of that sphere. Since the two spheres are connected by a
B B
wire, their potential (V ) will become equal. Let E be the electric field of sphere A and E by the electric field of sphere B.
A B
Then,
2
EA QA b 4π ε0
= ( ) × ( )
EB 4πε0 a2 QB
EA QA 2
EB
= ×
b
2
...(i)
QB a
QA CA V
However, Q
=
CB V
...(ii)
B
CA
and CB
=
a
b
...(iii)
Putting the values of (ii) and (iii) in (i), we get,
EA b
=
E a
B
b
Therefore, the required ratio of electric fields at the surface of the spheres is . a
12. When two identical bodies having different magnitude of charge are touched, the redistribution of charge takes place and both the
bodies acquire same charge.
∴ Charge on each body after touching
12−18
= = −3μC
2
2/5
The new force between the bodies
−6 −6
1 3× 10 ×3× 10
F =
4πε0 2
x
−6 −6
1 12× 10 ×18× 10
but 48 = 4πε0
⋅
2
x
−6 −6
48×3× 10 ×3× 10 48×3×3
∴ F =
−6 −6
=
12×18
=2N
12× 10 ×18× 10
13. Given, q 1 = 2μC = 2 × 10
−6
C
−6
q2 = −2μC = −2 × 10 C
a. Potential will be zero due to both charges at equipotential surface.
1 q1 q2
[ + ] = 0
4πε0 x (0.06−x)
q1 q2
or x
= −
(0.06−x)
−6
−6 (−2× 10 )
or 2×10
x
=
[(0.06)−x]
or x = 0.06 - x
0.06
x = = 0.03m
2
i.e. the plane normal to AB and passing through its mid point has zero potential everywhere.
b. The direction of electric field is normal to the plane in the AB direction.
Section D
14. According to the figure, A and B are two thin plane parallel sheets of charge having uniform densities σ and σ with σ 1 2 1 > σ2
ϕ = E× area of the end faces of the cylinder
σA σ
E × 2A = ⇒ E =
ε0 2ε0
In region II -
The electric field due to the sheet of charge A having surface charge density 'σ1' will be from left to right (along the positive
direction) and that due to the sheet of charge B having surface charge density 'σ2' will be from right to left (along the negative
direction) Therefore, in region II, we have electric field opposing each other.
σ1 σ2
E = + (− )
2ε0 2ε0
1
⇒ E =
2ε0
(σ1 − σ2 ) (along positive direction i.e towards right side)
In region III -
The electric fields due to both the charged sheets will be from left to right, i.e. along the positive direction. Therefore, in region
III, we have electric fields supporting each other
σ1 σ2
E = +
2ε0 2ε0
E=
ε0
1
(σ1 + σ2 ) (along positive direction i.e towards right side)
15. a. q1 = 7 × 10-6C, q2 = -2 × 10-6C, distance between the charges is, r = 9 - (-9) = 18 cm
−12
q1 q2 7×(−2)×10
U= 1
4πε0 r
= 9 × 10 9
×
0.18
= -0.7 J
b. W = U2 - U1 = 0 - U = 0 - (-0.7) = 0.7 J
c. The mutual interaction energy of the two charges remains unchanged. In addition, there is the energy of interaction of the two
charges with the external electric field. We find,
7μC −2μC
q1V(r1) + q2V(r2) = A 0.09
+ A
0.09
and the net electrostatic energy is
3/5
q1 q2 7μC −2μC
q1V(r1) + q2V(r2) + 4πε0 r12
=A 0.09
+ A
0.09
− 0.7J
= 70 - 20 - 0.7 = 49.3 J
16. i. Charge on capacitor remains same.
i.e, CV = C'V' (where V and V' are the potential between the plates of the capacitor before and after insertion of the dielectric
medium)
′ ′ V
⇒ C V = (K C ) V ⇒ V =
K
Now electric field between the plates
′
′ V V
E = =
′ Kd
d
′ E
⇒ E =
K
Electric field between the two plates becomes 1/K times the previous original value.
ii. Energy stored initially,
2
q
U =
2C
Energy stored later,
2
q
∴ U
′
=
2KC
[∵ C ′
= KC ]
2
1 q 1 1
where, K =dielectric constant of the medium ⇒ U ′
=
K
(
2C
) ⇒ U
′
=
K
(U ) ⇒ U
′
=
K
× U
That means the stored energy in the capacitor decreases and becomes K
1
times of previous original stored energy value.
Section E
17. i. (d) zero
ii. (b) k = 1
iii. (d) Due to zero frequency of dc signal
iv. (b) 4F
v. (b) direct current
Section F
18. a. Gauss Theorem: The net outward electric flux through a closed surface is equal to 1/εo times the net charge enclosed within
→ −
→
the surface i.e., ∮ S
E ⋅ dS =
1
ε0
Σq Electric field due to infinitely long, thin and uniformly charged straight wire:
Electric Flux through the cylindrical surface
→ → → → → → → →
∮
S
E ⋅ d S =∫ S1
E ⋅ d S 1 + ∫
S2
E ⋅ d S 2 + ∫
S3
E ⋅ d S 3
=∫ S1
EdS1 cos 0o + ∫ S2
EdS2 cos 90o + ∫S3
EdS3 cos 90o
= ∫ EdS1 + 0 + 0
S
= E ∫ dS1 (since electric field E is the same at each point of curved surface)
= E 2πrl (since area of curved surface = 2πrl)
As λ is charge per unit length and length of cylinder is l, therefore, charge enclosed by assumed surface = (λl )
∴ By Gauss's theorem
→ →
1
∮ E ⋅ d S =
ε0
× charge enclosed
1
⇒ E.2πrl = (λl)
ε0
⇒ E= λ
2π ε0 r
dV
b. Electric feild, E =
dr
⇒ dV = ∫ E dr
4/5
⇒ ∫ dV = ∫ (10r + 5)dr
⇒ V = [5r² + 5r]
putting limits r = 1 to r = 10m
so, V = 5(10)2 + 5(10) - (5.12 + 5.1)
= 500 + 50 - 10
= 540 Volts
hence electric potential increases 540 volts in moving from r = 1m to a point at r = 10m.
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