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Homework #2

This document outlines Homework #2 for the ES202 Mathematics for Engineers course, due on April 25, 2018. It includes instructions on submission, formatting, and academic integrity, along with six problems covering topics such as eigenvalues, vibrations of shear frames, quadratic forms, orthogonal basis formation, and matrix analysis. Students are reminded to show all calculations and seek clarification from instructors only.

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erenlerefe150
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5 views3 pages

Homework #2

This document outlines Homework #2 for the ES202 Mathematics for Engineers course, due on April 25, 2018. It includes instructions on submission, formatting, and academic integrity, along with six problems covering topics such as eigenvalues, vibrations of shear frames, quadratic forms, orthogonal basis formation, and matrix analysis. Students are reminded to show all calculations and seek clarification from instructors only.

Uploaded by

erenlerefe150
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ES202 Mathematics for Engineers 2017-2018 Spring

Homework #2
Due Date: 25.04.2018, 11:00 AM

REMARKS:
- Late homeworks will not be accepted.
- Drop your homeworks into the ES202 box at the entrance of K2 building.
- Show all your calculations step by step. Otherwise, your answers will not be graded.
Homework solutions shall be presented in a clear engineering format on one side of a white
A4 paper.
- Stay away from plagiarizing (according to dictionaries “to plagiarize” means to steal and
pass off ideas and/or words/solutions of another as one’s own without citing the source).
In case the problems are not clear to you, please ask your questions only to the teaching
assistants/instructors; do not ask your colleagues as such questions often end up with the
submission of identical solutions. If you have an improper collaboration on ANY
homework, your ALL homework grades will be set to ZERO.

1. (20%) Given the following 3 × 3 matrix 𝑨, determine the eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
Then, calculate 𝑨𝟏𝟎 using diagonalization.

0 0 −2
𝑨 = [1 2 1 ].
1 0 3

2. (20%) Free vibration of the following undamped two-story shear frame is given as:

𝑘
2𝑚 𝑴𝒖̈ + 𝑲𝒖 = 𝟎.

2𝑘

where, 𝒖̈ and 𝒖 are the acceleration and velocity vectors, respectively. The terms ‘𝑲’
and ‘𝑴’ are the stiffness and mass matrices of the system provided as follows:

3𝑘 −𝑘 2𝑚 0
𝑲= [ ], 𝑴=[ ],
−𝑘 𝑘 0 𝑚
where, m and k are constants representing the mass and stiffness.
(a) Determine the natural frequencies (eigenvalues) and modes (eigenvectors) of the
system.
𝑇
(b) Normalize the modes of the system using 𝑣 ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑗 ∗ = (1⁄𝑴 )𝑣
⃗⃗⃗𝑗 where 𝑴𝑗 = ⃗⃗𝑣⃗𝑗 𝑴𝑣
⃗⃗⃗𝑗 and ⃗⃗⃗
𝑣𝑗
𝑗
is the 𝑗 𝑡ℎ mode as obtained in part (a).

Hint: The eigenvalue analysis for this system can be performed through |𝑲 − 𝜆𝑴| =
0 where the eigenvalues correspond to the square modal frequencies (𝜔2) and the
eigenvectors correspond to the modal shape of the structure.

3. (15%) Transform the following quadratic form to principal axes. Express 𝑥 𝑇 = [𝑥1 𝑥2 ]
in terms of the new coordinate vector 𝑦 𝑇 = [𝑦1 𝑦2 ].

9𝑥1 2 − 6𝑥1 𝑥2 + 𝑥2 2 = 10.

4. (15%) Considering the following nonstandard basis in ℝ4 (𝑣


⃗⃗⃗⃗1 , ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣2 , ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣3 and ⃗⃗⃗
𝑣4 ), form an
orthogonal basis corresponding to this set using Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization
process.

𝑣1 = (3, 3, 3, 3),
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣2 = (1, 2, 4, 2),
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣3 = (1, 0, 5, 0),
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣4 = (0, 1, 2, 0).
⃗⃗⃗

5. (15%) Check whether the following matrices form basis for ℝ3 . Comment on the results
briefly.

1 1 0 2 1 0
𝑨 = [0 1 1], 𝑩 = [0 2 1].
0 0 1 0 1 2
6. (15%) Obtain a basis for a) column space, b) row space, c) null space of the following
matrix:

0 2 2 1
2 4 2 2
𝑨= [ ].
8 2 −6 8
2 6 4 0

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