Architecture & Town Planning
Class# 1: Introduction, Basic Concepts of
Architecture & Town Planning
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST
Isn’t This a Great Day to Study Architecture &
Town Planning???
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 2
Source: Sydney Opera House “https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=52fqFVuaBhE”
Today’s Agenda
1. Brief Introduction
2. Class Policies
3. Course Content
4. Grading
5. Basic Concepts
o Architecture
o Town Planning
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 3
Course Content
• Architectural History & Development
• Factors Influencing Architectural Development
• Architectural Plan of Buildings
• Islamic Architecture
• Modern Trends in Town Planning
• Preliminary Studies for Town Planning
• Urban Planning
• Land Use Patterns
• City Extensions
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 4
Architecture
Architecture
• The art and science of designing and constructing
buildings (wikiversity.com)
• Technical, artistic and social field
• Fundamental attributes of architecture
a. Utility (functionality)
b. Solidity (strength)
c. Aesthetics (beauty)
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 5
Source: Ten Most Beautiful Architecture of Pakistan, “http://arynews.tv/en/10-beautiful-architecture-pakistan/”
Architecture
Architect
• A specialist in designing structures
• Licensed professionals by a jurisdiction to
provide design services
• Responsible for shaping our built environment
• Required to have strong knowledge in fields of
engineering, logistics, geometry, building
techniques etc.
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 6
Architecture
Factors Influencing Architecture
• Man (building use, opening dimensions etc.)
• Demographics (overpopulated regions; high rise buildings)
• History (Roman Empire; statues in western civilizations)
• Culture (boundary Walls; our closed society)
• Nature (temperature, rainfall etc.)
• Religion (Islam; domes & minarets)
• Jurisdictional Regulations (White stone in Jerusalem and Amman)
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 7
Architecture
General Elements of a House Architectural
Design
• It involves just about everything a typical House
• Roof (Shape; flat vs. gable: Material; tile vs. metal)
• Walls (Material; paint vs. marble: Style; english vs. flemish bond)
• Doors (Style: flush door vs. glass door)
• Windows (Style; hinged vs. slide: Material; wood vs. aluminum)
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 8
Source: K & E Consultancy, Architectural Visualizers and CAD Modeling Services; “http://www.kandeconsultancy.co.uk/PurposeNPR.html”
Town Planning
Town
• A human settlement larger than a village but
smaller than a city (both demographics or area can be used)
• However, distinctions between all 3 (village, town and
city) are up for debate
• No universal code applicable
• Varies around the world
• Mostly defined by administrative and legal status
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 9
Town Planning
Factors influencing Site Selection for a Town
• Availability of land
• Availability of natural resources
• Development opportunities
• Expansion opportunities
• Security
• Modes of conveyance
• Access to amenities
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 10
Town Planning
Town Planning
• The art and science of ordering the use of land
and siting of buildings and communication routes
so as to secure maximum practical degree of
economy, convenience and beauty
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 11
Source: Youtube.com,
Town Planning
Town Planning
• Creating a balance between natural environment,
community needs, cultural significance and economic
welfare
• It is a dynamic process that is constantly responding
to the changes in community
• Involves both control of existing and new
developments to ensure good management of
resources to meet future needs
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 12
Town Planning
Purpose of Town Planning
• To create healthy environment for all people
• To ensure orderly development
• To provide economic, cultural and recreational
amenities
• To preserve aesthetics in all elements of town
• To make right use of land for right purpose by
zoning
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 13
Town Planning
Basic elements of Modern Town Planning
• Electric and gas amenities
• Water supply and sewerage system
• Educational institutions
• Zoning
• Transportation infrastructure
• Law enforcement authorities
• Recreational facilities
Department of Civil Engineering, MUST 14
Questions ???
Department of Civil Engineering,
15
MUST
