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Automotive Fuel Control Systems

The document discusses various aspects of fuel control systems for gasoline engines, including: 1. Different engine operating modes like cranking, warm-up, open-loop control, closed-loop control, acceleration enrichment, deceleration leaning, and idle speed control require different air/fuel ratios that are regulated by the fuel control system. 2. During warm-up, the fuel control system provides an enriched air/fuel ratio that changes based on coolant temperature, as indicated by a lookup table. 3. Closed-loop control uses feedback from an oxygen sensor to continuously adjust the air/fuel ratio to stoichiometry for optimal emissions and fuel efficiency.

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Trương Hoài Phong
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147 views20 pages

Automotive Fuel Control Systems

The document discusses various aspects of fuel control systems for gasoline engines, including: 1. Different engine operating modes like cranking, warm-up, open-loop control, closed-loop control, acceleration enrichment, deceleration leaning, and idle speed control require different air/fuel ratios that are regulated by the fuel control system. 2. During warm-up, the fuel control system provides an enriched air/fuel ratio that changes based on coolant temperature, as indicated by a lookup table. 3. Closed-loop control uses feedback from an oxygen sensor to continuously adjust the air/fuel ratio to stoichiometry for optimal emissions and fuel efficiency.

Uploaded by

Trương Hoài Phong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ho Chi Minh City

University of Technology and Education

ENGINE MANAGEMENT:
Fuel control

Le Thanh Phuc
Faculty of Automotive Engineering
Email: [email protected]
Fuel supply with manifold injection
Electric fuel pump
Electric fuel pump
Gasoline filter
Pressure-limiting valve
Fuel-pressure regulator
Components of a manifold-injection system
Types of manifold injection
Digital engine control system diagram
Engine Crank

• While the engine is being cranked, the fuel control


system must provide an intake air/fuel ratio of anywhere
from 2:1 to 12:1, depending on engine temperature.

• At low temperatures, the fuel tends to form into large


droplets in the air, which do not burn as efficiently as tiny
droplets.
• Once the engine is started the controller switches
to an engine warm-up mode.
Engine Warm-Up

• While the engine is warming up, an enriched air/fuel ratio


relative to stoichiometry is still needed to keep it running
smoothly, but the required air/fuel ratio changes as the
temperature increases.
• The emphasis in this control mode is on rapid and
smooth engine warm-up. Fuel economy and emission
control may be still a secondary concern.
• The controller selects a warm-up time from a lookup table
based on the temperature of the coolant.
Engine Warm-Up

Illustration of look-up table


Open-Loop Control
• For a warmed-up engine, the controller will operate in an open
loop if the closed-loop mode is not available for any reason.
For example, the engine may be warmed sufficiently but the
EGO sensor may not provide a usable signal.
• The quantity of fuel to be delivered to cylinder can be
computed from MAF sensor measurements and can be
regulated by means of a fuel injector pulse duration.
• The accuracy of the fuel delivery is dependent upon the
accuracy of the measurements of the MAF sensor.
• Degradation of sensor/actuator calibration can adversely affect
exhaust emissions in the open-loop mode.
Closed-Loop Control
Acceleration Enrichment
• During periods of heavy engine load such as during
hard acceleration, fuel control is adjusted to provide an
enriched air/fuel ratio to maximize engine torque and
very briefly neglect fuel economy and emissions.
• The fuel system controller responds by increasing the
pulse duration of the fuel injector signal for the duration
of the heavy load.
• Enrichment of the air/fuel ratio to about 12:1 is
sometimes used and corresponds roughly to a
maximum engine brake torque.
Deceleration Leaning

• During periods of light engine load and high RPM such


as coasting or deceleration, the engine may operate
with a very lean air/fuel ratio to reduce excess
emissions of HC and CO.
• When deceleration conditions are detected by the
control computer, it computes a decrease in the pulse
duration of the fuel injector signal. The fuel may even
be turned off completely for very heavy deceleration.
Idle Speed Control

• The idle speed control mode is used to prevent engine stall


during idle. The goal is to allow the engine to idle at as low
an RPM as possible, yet keep the engine from running rough
and stalling when power-consuming accessories, such as air
conditioning compressors and alternators, turn on.
• Idle speed is controlled by using an electronically controlled
throttle bypass valve which allows air to flow around the
throttle plate and produces the same effect as if the throttle
had been slightly opened such that sufficient air flows to
maintain engine operation.
Lambda sensor
Lambda sensor

Characteristics of an EGO
sensor

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