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Module 2 Practical Research 1

Research

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Happilyinner Kryptonite
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38 views14 pages

Module 2 Practical Research 1

Research

Uploaded by

Happilyinner Kryptonite
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHARACTERISTICS,

PROCESSES, AND
ETHICS IN RESEARCH
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of this lesson, students should be able to:


1. enumerate the characteristics, processes, and ethics of
research;
2. differentiate Quantitative from Qualitative Research;
and
3. provide examples of research in the area of interest.
PRIETO, ET.AL. (2017) STATED THAT THE FOLLOWING
ARE THE MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH:

• 1. EMPIRICAL - is based on observations and experiments of theories.


• 2. SYSTEMATIC - follows orderly and sequential procedures, based on valid
procedures and principles.
• 3. CONTROLLED - In research, all variables, except those that are tested/
experimented on, are kept constant.
• 4. EMPLOYS HYPOTHESIS - refers to a search for facts,
answers to questions and solutions to
problems.
• 5. ANALYTICAL - shows analytical procedures in gathering
the data, whether historical, descriptive, and
or case study.
• 6. OBJECTIVE - it is unbiased and logical. All
findings are logically based on real-life
situations.
• 7. ORIGINAL WORK - it requires its own
examination and produces the data
needed to complete the study.
RESEARCH PROCESSES

The following are involved in the research process:


1. DEFINE RESEARCH PROBLEM: What is the problem?
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE: What evidence is already
presented?
3. FORMULATING HYPOTHESIS: How are we going to find/look for the
answer to questions being studied?
4. RESEARCH DESIGN: Where will the study be shown and with what
population?
5. COLLECTING DATA: Are we ready to gather the data? Where do we
find the data?
6. ANALYZING DATA: How do the data answer the research queries?
7. INTERPRET AND REPORT: What are the implications of the results?
IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS IN RESEARCH

According to Resnik, 2007, ethical norms are significant in conducting


research studies as explained in the following:
First, ethics promotes the pursuit of knowledge, truth, and credibility.
It also fosters values that are essential to collaborative work.
Second, ethical norms help individuals to be accountable in every act
that the researcher/s undertake.
• Third, ensure that researchers are held accountable to the public.
• Lastly, an ethical norm in research also needs public awareness.
This can be evaluated by the researcher before conducting the
study because this may help a certain population in an area
once the study is completed.
ETHICAL CODES AND POLICIES FOR RESEARCH

Honesty Maintain all communication. Data should not be faked.


Objectivity Avoid biases in experimental designs, data analysis,
interpretation, expert testimony, and other aspects
of research.
Integrity Keep your promises and agreements.
Carefulness Avoid careless errors and negligence.
Openness Share data, results, ideas and tools. Be open to criticism
and new ideas.
Confidentiality Protect confidential communication.
Responsible Publication Avoid duplicating publications.
Responsible Mentoring Help to educate, mentor, and advise
others.
• Respect Colleagues Treat all peers fairly.
• Social Responsibility Strive to promote social good. Avoid
social harm.
• Non- Discrimination avoid discrimination against colleagues
or students on the basis of sex, races,
ethnicity, and or others.
Legality Be informed and obey relevant laws and
institutional governmental policies.
Respect of Intellectual Property Give proper acknowledgment or
credits to all researchers.
Human Subject Minimize risks that involve human lives,
dignity, and privacy.
• Thank You for listening!

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