Introduction to Algebra
Exploring Patterns and Variables in Mathematics
What is Algebra?
Algebra uses letters and symbols to represent numbers.
💡 It helps us to:
✔️Find unknown values
✔️Solve problems easily
✔️Describe patterns
Patterns in Mathematics
🔢 Patterns are repeated arrangements of numbers or shapes.
Example: 2, 4, 6, 8, … (Next?)
🟢 Rule: Add 2 each time.
❓ Can you spot the pattern: 1, 4, 9, 16, …?
From Patterns to Algebra
Patterns can be written as algebraic expressions.
Example:
Sequence 2, 4, 6, 8 → nth term = 2n
If n=5, term = 10.
Variables in Algebra
✏️Variables (x, y, z) represent unknown numbers.
Example: x + 3 = 7 → x = 4.
Constants & Coefficients
📌 Constants: Fixed numbers (3,7,10)
📌 Coefficients: Numbers multiplying variables (4x → coefficient 4)
Algebraic Expressions
An expression combines numbers, variables, and operations.
Examples:
- 2x + 5
- 3y – 7
🚫 No equal sign in an expression.
Basic Operations in Algebra
➕ Addition: (x+2)+(x+3)=2x+5
➖ Subtraction: (x+5)-(x+2)=3
✖️Multiplication: 2(x+3)=2x+6
➗ Division: (x²/x)=x
Simple Equations
An equation has an '=' sign.
Example:
x+3=7→x=4
Solving Step by Step
teps:
Keep variable one side.
Move numbers to other side (opposite operation).
Solve for variable.
ample: 2x+3=11 → x=4
Word Problems
Example:
Rohan is 5 years older than his brother. Brother’s age = x
🟢 Rohan’s age = x + 5
Why Learn Algebra?
🌟 Benefits:
✔️Improves problem-solving
✔️Used in science, engineering
✔️Builds logical thinking
🧩 Fun Exercise
Solve:
1. 2x+3=11 → x=?
2. 3n-4=11 → n=?
3. A number y increased by 7 is 15. Find y.
Summary
✅ Patterns → Expressions → Equations
✅ Variables, constants, coefficients
✅ Solve step by step
Thank You
Mathematics is not just about numbers; it’s about patterns and logic
Any Questions?
