Introduction to Algebra
Algebra is a branch of mathematics that uses symbols (letters) to represent numbers in
equations and formulas. It is used to solve problems where some values are unknown. Let's
explore the basics of algebra in English.
Basic Terms in Algebra
1. Variable: A symbol (usually a letter) that represents an unknown number. Example: x, y,
z.
2. Coefficient: A number that is multiplied by a variable. Example: In 3x, the coefficient is 3.
3. Constant: A fixed number that does not change. Example: In the equation x + 5 = 10, the
constant is 5.
4. Equation: A mathematical statement that shows the equality of two expressions.
Example: 2x + 3 = 7.
5. Expression: A combination of variables, numbers, and operations, but without an equals
sign. Example: 4x + 2.
Example: Solving a Simple Equation
Let's solve the equation: 2x + 3 = 7
Step 1: Subtract 3 from both sides:
2x + 3 - 3 = 7 - 3
2x = 4
Step 2: Divide both sides by 2:
2x / 2 = 4 / 2
x=2
So, the solution is x = 2.
Useful Algebra Terms
Term Definition
Addition (+) Combining two or more numbers or terms.
Subtraction (-) Finding the difference between two
numbers or terms.
Multiplication (×) Repeated addition of the same number.
Division (÷) Splitting a number into equal parts.
Exponent (^) A number that shows how many times to
multiply the base by itself.
Practice Problem
Solve the following equation:
3x - 5 = 10
Steps:
1. Add 5 to both sides.
2. Divide both sides by 3.
What is the value of x?