CE 135 – Analysis and Design of Steel Structures
CHAPTER IA:
Introduction to Steel
Prepared by: Engr. NMSTabucal
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TOPIC OUTLINE
1.1 Structural Design
1.2 Structural Steel
1.3 Physical Properties of Steel
1.4 Steel Structures
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1.1Structural Design 1.2 1.2 1.4
Structural Design
Requires the determination of the overall
proportions and dimensions of the supporting
framework and the selection of the cross
section of each structural element
Experienced engineer’s perception used to
produce a safe and economical structure for an
intended purpose using knowledge from
statics, dynamics, mechanics of materials, and
structural analysis
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1.1Structural Design 1.2 1.2 1.4
DESIGN
A process in which an optimum solution is
achieved
By optimum solution, we mean:
Maximum operation efficiency
Minimum weight
Passed structural specifications
Minimum material cost
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1.1Structural Design 1.2 1.2 1.4
Parts of Design Procedure
Functional Structural Framework
Intended results are Arrangement and sizes
achieved of elements
Clearance, ventilation, Serviceability and
transportation, lighting soundness
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1.1Structural Design 1.2 1.2 1.4
Planning Conceptual Schematic Detail
Design Design Design
• overall layout • Basic concept • Processing of • Documents
and and conceptual needed for
dimensions preliminary design and procurement,
estimation requirement construction,
and operation
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1.1 1.2 Structural Steel 1.2 1.4
STEEL ACCORDING TO COMPOSITION
PLAIN CARBON
- Iron with 1% carbon
LOW-ALLOY STEEL
- Alloy components
- Higher strength and lower ductility
HIGH-ALLOY STEEL
- Higher percentage of alloys
- Higher strength and corrosion resistance
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1.1 1.2 Structural Steel 1.2 1.4
TYPES OF STEEL ACCORDING TO SHAPES
ROLLED SHAPE
- Hot rolled steel, mostly used for structural purposes
- American Standard Shapes
COLD-FORMED SHAPE
- Rolling or pressing thin steel sheets
- Lightweight, high strength, high stiffness, easier
installation, and accuracy in detailing
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1.3 Physical
1.1 1.2 1.4
Properties
Several tests are done in order to determine the steel’s
physical properties and suitability for specific uses
Tension Test
- Determines strength, stiffness, ductility, and
toughness of steel
Residual Stresses
- Stresses that exist in the member and is associated
with plastic deformation during manufacturing
process
Mill Test
- Certifies that steel meets prescribe specifications
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1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Steel Structures
1.4.1 TYPES OF STEEL STRUCTURES
1. FRAMED STRUCTURES
- Most common type of structure which consist of
axial members, flexural members, and beam-
columns
2. SHELL-TYPE STRUCTURES
- Axial forces are dominant
3. SUSPENSION-TYPE STRUCTURES
- Supported by axial tension
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1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Steel Structures
SUSPENSION-TYPE
FRAMED STRUCTURE
SHELL-TYPE
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1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Steel Structures
1.4.2 Classification of Structures and Members
Frames
- Composed of two or more members joined together
by connections: Rigid-joint/moment resisting,
Semi-rigid, and simple shear
Portal Frame Multi-story
Multi-span
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1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Steel Structures
1.4.2 Classification of Structures and Members
Trusses
- Composed of linear
elements arranged in a
triangular manner to
form a rigid planar
structure
Truss Connection Steel Design|NMST|DCE|UPLB
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1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Steel Structures
1.4.3 Framed Multistory Buildings
Typical framed building structure that is composed of:
Horizontal :
Beams, Girders
Vertical :
Columns, Posts
Diagonal :
Bracings, Shear
Bents
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REFERENCES
American Institute of Steel Construction. 2010a. Specification
for Structural Steel Buildings. ANSI/AISC 360-10, Chicago.
Vinnakota, Sriramulu. 2006. Steel Structures: Behavior and
LRFD. McGraw-Hill Companies. Boston.
Segui, W. T. 2012. Steel Design. Fifth Edition. Cengage
Publishing Company
Salmon, Charles G., Johnson, John E, and Malhas, Faris A.
2009. Steel Structures: Design and Behavior: Emphasizing
Load and Resistance Factor Design. Fifth Edition.
Pearson/Prentice Hall. New Jersey.
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