NCERT Solutions for Class 8

Maths
Chapter 14 – Factorization

Exercise 14.1

1. Find the common factors of the terms

i. 12x,36
Ans:
Write the factors of each term separately:
12x  2  2  3  x
36  2  2  3  3
The factors that appear in both the lists are the common factors.
Hence, the common factors are 2,2,3 .
Multiply the common factors, 2  2  3  12

ii. 2y,22xy
Ans:
Write the factors of each term separately:
2y  2  y
22xy  2  11 x  y
The factors that appear in both the lists are the common factors.
Hence, the common factors are 2, y .
Multiply the common factors, 2  y  2y .

iii. 14pq,28p 2q 2
Ans:
Write the factors of each term separately:
14pq  2  7  p  q
28p 2q 2  2  2  7  p  p  q  q
The factors that appear in both the lists are the common factors.
Hence, the common factors are 2,7,p,q .
Multiply the common factors, 2  7  p  q  14pq .

iv. 2x,3x2 ,4
Ans:

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Write the factors of each term separately:
2x  2  x
3x 2  3  x  x
4  2 2
The factors that appear in both the lists are the common factors.
Hence, the common factor is 1 .

v. 6abc,24ab2 ,12a2b
Ans:
Write the factors of each term separately:
6abc  2  3  a  b  c
24ab2  2  2  2  3  a  b  b
12a 2 b  2  2  3  a  a  b
The factors that appear in both the lists are the common factors.
Hence, the common factors are 2,3,a,b .
Multiply the common factors, 2  3  a  b  6ab .

vi. 16x3 , 4x2 ,32x

Ans:
Write the factors of each term separately:
16x 3  2  2  2  2  x  x  x
4x 2  1  2  2  x  x
32x  2  2  2  2  2  x
The factors that appear in both the lists are the common factors.
Hence, the common factors are 2,2, x
Multiply the common factors, 2  2  x  4x

vii. 10pq,20qr,30rp
Ans:
Write the factors of each term separately:
10pq  2  5  p  q
20qr  2  2  5  q  r
30rp  2  3  5  r  p
The factors that appear in both the lists are the common factors.
Hence, the common factors are 2,5 .
Multiply the common factors, 2  5  10 .

viii. 3x 2 y 3 ,10x 3 y 2 ,6x 2y 2z

Ans:

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Write the factors of each term separately:
3x 2 y3  3  x  x  y  y  y
10x 3 y 2  2  5  x  x  x  y  y
6x 2 y 2 z  2  3  x  x  y  y  z
The factors that appear in both the lists are the common factors.
Hence, the common factors are 2  7  p  q  14pq .

2. Factorise the following expressions

i. 7x  42
Ans:
Take out the common factors from all the terms to factorize.
7x  7  x
42  2  3  7
The common factor is 7
 7x  42  (7  x)  (2  3  7)  7(x  6)

ii. 6p  12q
Ans:
Take out the common factors from all the terms to factorize.
6p  2  3  p
12q  2  2  3  q
The common factors are 2 and 3 .
6p  12q  (2  3  p)  (2  2  3  q)
 2  3[p  (2  q)]
 6(p  2q)

iii. 7a 2  14a
Ans:
Take out the common factors from all the terms to factorize.
7a 2  7  a  a
14a  2  7  a
The common factors are 7 and a
 7a 2  14a  (7  a  a)  (2  7  a)
 7  a[a  2]
 7a(a  2)

iv. 16z  20z 3

Ans:

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Take out the common factors from all the terms to factorize.
16z  2  2  2  2  z
20z3  2  2  5  z  z  z
The common factors are 2,2 , and z .
16z  20z 3  (2  2  2  2  z)  (2  2  5  z  z  z)
 (2  2  z)[(2  2)  (5  z  z)]
 4z  4  5z 2 

v. 20l 2m  30alm
Ans:
Take out the common factors from all the terms to factorize.
20l2 m  2  2  5  1 1 m
30alm  2  3  5  a 1 m
The common factors are 2,5,1, and m .
 20l2 m  30alm  (2  2  5  1  1  m)  (2  3  5  a  1  m)
 (2  5  1 m)[(2  l)  (3  a)]
 10lm(2l  3a)

vi. 5x 2 y  15xy 2
Ans:
Take out the common factors from all the terms to factorize.
5x 2 y  5  x  x  y
15xy 2  3  5  x  y  y
The common factors are 5, x , and y .
5x 2 y  15xy 2  (5  x  x  y)  (3  5  x  y  y)
 5  x  y[x  (3  y)]
 5xy(x  3y)

vii. 10a 2  15b 2  20c2

Ans:
Take out the common factors from all the terms to factorize.
10a 2  2  5  a  a
15b2  3  5  b  b
20c2  2  2  5  c  c
The common factor is 5
10a 2  15b 2  20c 2  (2  5  a  a)  (3  5  b  b)  (2  2  5  c  c)
 5[(2  a  a)  (3  b  b)  (2  2  c  c)]

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 5  2a 2  3b2  4c2 

viii. 4a2  4ab  4ca

Ans:
Take out the common factors from all the terms to factorize.
4a 2  2  2  a  a
4ab  2  2  a  b
4ca  2  2  c  a
The common factors are 2,2 , and a
4a 2  4ab  4ca  (2  2  a  a)  (2  2  a  b)  (2  2  c  a)
 2  2  a[(a)  b  c]
 4a(a  b  c)

ix. x 2 yz  xy 2 z  xyz 2
Ans:
Take out the common factors from all the terms to factorize.
x 2 yz  x  x  y  z
xy 2 z  x  y  y  z
xyz 2  x  y  z  z
The common factors are x, y , and z
x 2 yz  xy 2 z  xyz 2  (x  x  y  z)  (x  y  y  z)  (x  y  z  z)
 x  y  z[x  y  z]
 xyz(x  y  z)

x. ax 2 y  bxy 2  cxyz
Ans:
Take out the common factors from all the terms to factorize.
ax 2 y  a  x  x  y
bxy 2  b  x  y  y
cxyz  c  x  y  z
The common factors are x and y .
ax 2 y  bxy 2  cxyz  (a  x  x  y)  (b  x  y  y)  (c  x  y  z)
 (x  y)[(a  x)  (b  y)  (c  z)]
 xy(ax  by  cz)

3. Factorise

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i. x 2  xy  8x  8y
Ans:
Write each term in terms of its factors and take out the common factors.
x 2  xy  8x  8y  x  x  x  y  8  x  8  y
 x(x  y)  8(x  y)
 (x  y)(x  8)

ii. 15xy  6x  5y  2
Ans:
Write each term in terms of its factors and take out the common factors.
15xy  6x  5y  2  3  5  x  y  3  2  x  5  y  2
 3x(5y  2)  1(5y  2)
 (5y  2)(3x  1)

iii. ax  bx  ay  by
Ans:
Write each term in terms of its factors and take out the common factors.
ax  bx  ay  by  a  x  b  x  a  y  b  y
 x(a  b)  y(a  b)
 (a  b)(x  y)

iv. 15pq  15  9q  25p

Ans:
Write each term in terms of its factors and take out the common factors.
15pq  15  9q  25p  15pq  9q  25p  15
 3 5 p  q  3 3 q  5 5 p  3 5
 3 q  5 p  3  5  5 p  3
  5 p  3 3 q  5 

v. z  7  7xy  xyz
Ans:
Write each term in terms of its factors and take out the common factors.
z  7  7xy  xyz  z  x  y  z  7  7  x  y
 z 1  x y   7 1  x y 
 (1  xy)(z  7)

Exercise 14.2

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1. Factorise the following expressions.
i. a 2  8a  16
Ans:
Use the formula (x  y)2  x 2  2xy  y 2  to factorize.
a 2  8a  16  (a) 2  2  a  4  (4) 2
 (a  4) 2

ii. p 2  10p  25
Ans:
Use the formula (x  y)2  x 2  2xy  y 2  to factorize.
p 2  10p  25  (p) 2  2  p  5  (5) 2
 (p  5) 2

iii. 25m 2  30m  9

Ans:
Use the formula (x  y)2  x 2  2xy  y 2  to factorize.
25m 2  30m  9  (5m) 2  2  5m  3  (3) 2
 (5m  3) 2

iv. 49y 2  84yz  36z 2

Ans:
Use the formula (x  y)2  x 2  2xy  y 2  to factorize.
49y 2  84yz  36z 2  (7y) 2  2  (7y)  (6z)  (6z) 2
 (11b  4c) 2

v. 4x 2  8x  4
Ans:
Use the formula (x  y)2  x 2  2xy  y 2  to factorize.
4x 2  8x  4  (2x) 2  2(2x)(2)  (2) 2
 (2x  2) 2
 [(2)(x  1)]2
 4(x  1) 2

vi. 121b 2  88bc  16c2

Ans:

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Use the formula (x  y)2  x 2  2xy  y 2  to factorize.
121b 2  88bc  16c 2  (11b) 2  2(11b)(4c)  (4c) 2
 (11b  4c) 2

vii. (l  m)2  4lm (Hint: Expand (l  m)2 first)

Ans:
Use identity (a  b)2  a 2  2ab  b2  to factorize.
(l  m) 2  4lm  l 2  2lm  m 2  4lm
 l2  2lm  m 2
 (l  m) 2

viii. a4  2a2b 2  b4
Ans:
Use identity (a  b)2  a 2  2ab  b2  to factorize.
a 4  2a 2 b 2  b 4   a 2   2  a 2  b 2    b 2 
2 2

  a 2  b2 
2

2. Factorise

i. 4p 2  9q 2
Ans:
Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
4p 2  9q 2  (2p) 2  (3q) 2
 (2p  3q)(2p  3q)

ii. 63a 2  112b 2

Ans:
Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
63a 2  112b2  7  9a 2  16b2 
 7 (3a)2  (4b) 2 
 7(3a  4b)(3a  4b)

iii. 49x 2  36
Ans:

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Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
49x 2  36  (7x) 2  (6) 2
 (7x  6)(7x  6)

iv. 16x5  144x 3

Ans:
Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
16x 5  144x 3  16x 3  x 2  9 
 16x 3 (x)2  (3)2 
 16x 3 (x  3)(x  3)

v. (l  m)2  (l  m)2
Ans:
Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
(l  m) 2  (l  m) 2  [(l  m)  (l  m)][(l  m)  (l  m)]
  l  m  1  m  I  m  l  m 
 2m  2l
 4ml
 4lm

vi. 9x 2 y 2  16
Ans:
Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
9x 2 y 2  16  (3xy) 2  (4) 2
 (3xy  4)(3xy  4)

vii.  x2  2xy  y 2   z 2
Ans:
Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
x  2xy  y2   z 2  (x  y)2  (z) 2
2

 (x  y  z)(x  y  z)

viii. 25a 2  4b 2  28bc  49c 2

Ans:

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Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
25a 2  4b2  28bc  49c2  25a 2   4b2  28bc  49c2 
 (5a)2  (2b)2  2  2b  7c  (7c)2 
 (5a)2  (2b  7c) 2 
 5 a   2 b  7 c  5 a   2 b  7 c 
  5 a  2 b  7 c  5 a  2 b  7 c 

3. Factorise the expressions

i. ax2  bx
Ans:
Take the common factors out to factorize.
ax 2  bx  a  x  x  b  x
 x(ax  b)

ii. 7p 2  21q 2
Ans:
Take the common factors out to factorize.
7p 2  21q 2  7  p  p  3  7  q  q
 7  p2  3q 2 

iii. 2x 3  2xy 2  2xz 2

Ans:
Take the common factors out to factorize.
2x 3  2xy2  2xz 2  2x  x 2  y2  z 2 

iv. am 2  bm 2  bn 2  an 2
Ans:
Take the common factors out to factorize.
am2  bm2  bn 2  an 2  am2  bm2  an 2  bn 2
 m 2 (a  b)  n 2 (a  b)
 (a  b)  m2  n 2 

v. (lm  l)  m  l
Ans:
Take the common factors out to factorize.

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(lm  l)  m  1  1m  m  1  1
 m(l  1)  1(l  1)
 (l  1)(m  1)

vi. y(y  z)  9(y  z)

Ans:
Take the common factors out to factorize.
y(y  z)  9(y  z)  (y  z)(y  9)

vii. 5y 2  20y  8z  2yz

Ans:
Take the common factors out to factorize.
5y 2  20y  8z  2yz  5y 2  20y  2yz  8z
 5y(y  4)  2z(y  4)
 (y  4)(5y  2z)

viii. 10ab  4a  5b  2
Ans:
Take the common factors out to factorize.
10ab  4a  5b  2  10ab  5b  4a  2
 5 b  2 a  1  2  2 a  1
  2 a  1 5 b  2 

ix. 6xy  4y  6  9x
Ans:
Take the common factors out to factorize.
6xy  4 y  6  9x  6xy  9x  4y  6
 3x  2y  3  2  2y  3
  2y  3 3x  2 

4. Factorise
i. a 4  b 4
Ans:
Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
a 4  b4   a 2    b2 
2 2

  a 2  b2  a 2  b2 

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 (a  b)(a  b)  a 2  b2 

ii. p 4  81
Ans:
Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
p 4  81   p 2   (9) 2
2

  p2  9  p2  9 
 (p)2  (3)2   p2  9 
 (p  3)(p  3)  p2  9 

iii. x 4  (y  z)4
Ans:
Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
x 4  (y  z) 4   x 2   (y  z) 2 
2 2

  x 2  (y  z)2   x 2  (y  z) 2 
 [x  (y  z)][x  (y  z)]  x 2  (y  z) 2 
 (x  y  z)(x  y  z)  x 2  (y  z) 2 

iv. x 4  (x  z)4
Ans:
Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
x 4  (x  z) 4   x 2   (x  z) 2 
2 2

  x 2  (x  z)2   x 2  (x  z) 2 
 [x  (x  z)][x  (x  z)]  x 2  (x  z) 2 
 z(2x  z)  x 2  x 2  2xz  z 2 
 z(2x  z)  2x 2  2xz  z 2 

v. a4  2a 2b 2  b 4
Ans:

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 12

Use the identity a 2  b2  (a  b)(a  b)  for factorizing.
a 4  2a 2 b 2  b 4   a 2   2  a 2  b 2    b 2 
2 2

  a 2  b2 
2

 [(a  b)(a  b)]2

 (a  b) 2 (a  b) 2

5. Factorise the following expressions

i. p 2  6p  8
Ans:
We can see that, 8  4  2 and 4  2  6
 p 2  6p  8  p 2  2p  4p  8
 p  p  2  4  p  2
  p  2  p  4 

ii. q 2  10q  21
Ans:
We can see that, 21  (7)  (3) and (7)  (3)  10
 q 2  10q  21  q 2  7q  3q  21
 q  q  7   3 q  7 
  q  7  q  3

iii. p 2  6p  16
Ans:
We can see that, 16  (2)  8 and 8  (2)  6
p 2  6p  16  p 2  8p  2p  16
 p  p  8  2  p  8
  p  8 p  2 

Exercise 14.3

1. Carry out the following divisions.

i. 28x4  56x
Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
28x 4  2  2  7  x  x  x  x

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 13

56x  2  2  2  7  x
2 27 x  x  x  x
28x 4  56x 
2 2 27 x
3
x

2
1
 x3
2

ii. 36y 3  9y 2
Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
36y3  2  2  3  3  y  y  y
9y 2  3  3  y  y
2  2  3  3  y  y  y
36y3  9y 2 
3 3 y  y
 4y

iii. 66pq 2r 3  11qr 2

Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
66pq 2 r 3  2  3  11  p  q  q  r  r  r
11qr 2  11  q  r  r
2  3  11  p  q  q  r  r  r
66pq 2 r 3  11qr 2   6pqr
11  q  r  r

iv. 34x 3 y 3 z 3  51xy 2 z 3

Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
34x 3 y3z 3  2  17  x  x  x  y  y  y  z  z  z
51xy 2 z 3  3  17  x  y  y  z  z  z
2  17  x  x  x  y  y  y  z  z  z
34x 3 y3z 3  51xy 2 z 3 
3  17  x  y  y  z  z  z
2
 x2y
3

v. 12a3b8   6a6b4 

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 14

Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
12a 8b8  2  2  3  a 8  b8
6a 6 b 4  2  3  a 6  b 4
2  2  3  a 8  b8
12a 8b8   6a 6 b4  
2  3  a 6  b 4
 2a 2 b 4

2. Divide the given polynomial by the given monomial.

i.  5x2  6x   3x
Ans:
Write the numerator its factors and divide.
5x 2  6x  x(5x  6)
x(5x  6)
5x 2  6x   3x 
3x
1
 (5x  6)
3

ii.  3y 8  4y 6  5y 4   y 4
Ans:
Write the numerator its factors and divide.
3y8  4y6  5y4  y4  3y4  4y2  5
y 4  3y 4  4y 2  5 
 3y 8
 4y  5y   y 
6 4 4

y4
 3y 4  4y 2  5

iii. 8  x3 y 2z 2  x2y 3z 2  x2y 2z 3   4x2y 2z 2

Ans:
Write the numerator its factors and divide.
8  x 3 y2z 2  x 2 y3z 2  x 2 y2z3   8x 2 y2z 2 (x  y  z)
8x 2 y 2 z 2 (x  y  z)
8  x y z  x y z  x y z   4x y z 
3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2

4x 2 y 2 z 2
 2(x  y  z)

iv. x 3
 2x2  3x   2x

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 15

Ans:
Write the numerator its factors and divide.
x 3  2x 2  3x  x  x 2  2x  3
x  x 2  2x  3
x 3
 2x  3x   2x 
2

2x
 x  2x  3
1 2

2

v.  p3q6  p6q 3   p 3q 3
Ans:
Write the numerator its factors and divide.
) p3q6  p6q3  p3q3  q3  p3 
p 3q 3  q 3  p 3 
p q 3 6
p q p q 
6 3 3 3

p 3q 3
 q 3  p3

3. Work out the following divisions.

i. (10x  25)  5
Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.

2 5 x  5 5
(10x  25)  5 
5
5(2x  5)

5
 2x  5

ii. (10x  25)  (2x  5)

Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
25 x  55
(10x  25)  (2x  5) 
(2x  5)
5(2x  5)

2x  5
5

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 16

iii. 10y(6y  21)  5(2y  7)
Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
2  5  y[2  3  y  3  7]
10y(6y  21)  5(2y  7) 
5(2y  7)
2  5  y  3(2y  7)

5(2y  7)
 6y

iv. 9x 2 y 2 (3z  24)  27xy(z  8)

Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
9x 2 y 2 [3  z  2  2  2  3]
9x y (3z  24)  27xy(z  8) 
2 2

27xy(z  8)
xy  3(z  8)

3(z  8)
 xy

v. 96abc(3a  12)(5b  30)  144(a  4)(b  6)

Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
96abc(3a  12)(5b  30)  144(a  4)(b  6)
96abc(3  a  3  4)(5  b  2  3  5)

144(a  4)(b  6)
2abc  3(a  4)  5(b  6)

3(a  4)(b  6)
 10abc

4. Divide as directed.

i. 5(2x  1)(3x  5)  (2x  1)

Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
5(2x  1)(3x  1)
5(2x  1)(3x  5)  (2x  1) 
(2x  1)
 5(3x  1)

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 17

ii. 26xy(x  5)(y  4)  13x(y  4)
Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
2  13  xy(x  5)(y  4)
26xy(x  5)(y  4)  13x(y  4) 
13x(y  4)
2

iii. 52pqr(p  q)(q  r)(r  p)  104pq(q  r)(r  p)

Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
52pqr(p  q)(q  r)(r  p)  104pq(q  r)(r  p)
2  2  13  p  q  r  (p  q)  (q  r)  (r  p)

2  2  2  13  p  q  (q  r)  (r  p)
1
 r(p  q)
2

iv. 20(y  4)  y 2  5y  3   5(y  4)

Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
20(y  4)  y2  5y  3  2  2  5  (y  4)  y 2  5y  3
2  2  5  (y  4)   y 2  5y  3
20(y  4)  y  5y  3  5(y  4) 
2

5  (y  4)
 4  y  5y  3
2

v. x(x  1)(x  2)(x  3)  x(x  1)

Ans:
Write the numerator and denominator in its factors and divide.
x(x  1)(x  2)(x  3)
x(x  1)(x  2)(x  3)  x(x  1) 
x(x  1)
  x  2  x  3

5. Factorise the expressions and divide them as directed.

i.  y 2  7y  10   (y  5)
Ans:
Factorise the given terms separately.

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 18

y  7y  10   y2  2y  5y  10
2

 y(y  2)  5(y  2)
 (y  2)(y  5)
Divide the two terms.
(y  5)(y  2)
 y2  7y  10   (y  5)  (y  5)
 y2

ii.  m2  14m  32   (m  2)
Ans:
Factorise the given terms separately.
m2  14m  32  m2  2m  16m  32
 m(m  2)  16(m  2)
 (m  2)(m  16)
Divide the two terms.
(m  2)(m  16)
 m2  14m  32   (m  2)  (m  2)
 m  16

iii.  5p 2  25p  20   (p  1)
Ans:
Factorise the given terms separately.
5p2  25p  20  5  p2  5p  4 
=5[p(p-1)-4(p-1)]
 5(p  1)(p  4)
Divide the two terms.
5(p  1)(p  4)
 5p2  25p  20   (p  1)  (p  1)
 5(p  4)

iv. 4yz  z 2  6z  16   2y(z  8)

Ans:
Factorise the given terms separately.
4yz  z 2  6z  16   4yz z 2  2z  8z  16
 4 y z z  z  2   8  z  2 
 4 y z  z  2  z  8 

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 19

Divide the two terms.
4yz(z  2)(z  8)
4yz  z 2  6z  16   2y(z  8) 
2y(z  8)
 2z(z  2)

v. 5pq  p2  q2   2p(p  q)
Ans:
Factorise the given terms separately.
5pq  p2  q 2   5pq(p  q)(p  q)
Divide the two terms.
5pq(p  q)(p  q)
5pq  p 2  q 2   2p(p  q) 
2p(p  q)
5
 q(p  q)
2

vi. 12xy  9x2  16y 2   4xy(3x  4y)

Ans:
Factorise the given terms separately.
12xy  9x 2  16y2   12xy (3x)2  (4y)2 
 12xy(3x  4y)(3x  4y)
Divide the two terms.
12xy  9x 2  16y2   4xy(3x  4y)
2  2  3  x  y  (3x  4y)  (3x  4y)

2  2  x  y  (3x  4y)
 3 3 x  4 y 

vii. 39y 3  50y 2  98   26y 2 (5y  7)

Ans:
Factorise the given terms separately.
39y3  50y 2  98   3  13  y  y  y  2  25y 2  49  
 3  13  2  y  y  y  (5y) 2  (7) 2 
 3  13  2  y  y  y(5y  7)(5y  7)
26y 2 (5y  7)  2  13  y  y  (5y  7)
Divide the two terms.

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 20

 3  13  2  y  y  y(5y  7)(5y  7)
39y3  50y 2  98   26y 2 (5y  7) 
2  13  y  y  (5y  7)
 3y(5y  7)
 15y 2  21y

6. Find and correct the errors in the statement: 2x  3y  5xy

Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
L.H.S  2x  3y  2x  3y  R.H.S.
The correct statement is 2x  3y  2x  3y

7. Find and correct the errors in the statement: x  2x  3x  5x

Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
L.H.S  x  2x  3x  1x  2x  3x  x(1  2  3)  6x  RHS
The correct statement is x  2x  3x  6x

8. Find and correct the errors in the statement: 5y  2y  y  7y  0

Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
L.H.S.  5y  2y  y  7y  8y  7y  y  $R.H.S
The correct statement is 5y  2y  y  7y  y

9. Find and correct the errors in the statement: 3x  2x  5x 2

Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
L.H.S.  3x  2x  5x  $R.H.S
The correct statement is 3x  2x  5x .

10. Find and correct the errors in the statement:

(2x)2  4(2x)  7  2x 2  8x  7
Ans: Compare the L.H.S with the R.H.S.
L.H.S  (2x) 2  4(2x)  7  4x 2  8x  7  R.H.S
The correct statement is (2x) 2  4(2x)  7  4x 2  8x  7

11. Find and correct the errors in the statement: (2x)2  5x  4x  5x  9x

Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
LH.S  (2x) 2  5x  4x 2  5x  $R.H.S.
The correct statement is (2x) 2  5x  4x 2  5x

12. Find and correct the errors in the statement: (3x  2)2  3x 2  6x  4

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 21

Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
Use the property (a  b)2  a 2  2ab  b2  .
L.H.S.  (3x  2) 2  (3x) 2  2(3x)(2)  (2) 2 =9x 2  12x  4  R.H.S
The correct statement is (3x  2) 2  9x 2  12x  4 .

13. Find and correct the errors in the following mathematical statement.
Substituting x  3 in

a) x2  5x  4 gives ( 3)2  5( 3)  4  9  2  4  15

Ans:
Put the value x  3 and solve.
x 2  5x  4  (3) 2  5(3)  4
 9  15  4
 13  15
 2
Hence the given statement is wrong.
The correct statement is: x 2  5x  4 gives 2

b) x2  5x  4 gives ( 3)2  5( 3)  4  9  15  4  2

Ans:
Put the value x  3 and solve.
x 2  5x  4  (3) 2  5(3)  4
 9  15  4
 28
Hence the given statement is wrong.
The correct statement is: x 2  5x  4 gives 28

c) x 2  5x gives ( 3)2  5( 3)  9  15  24

Ans:
Put the value x  3 and solve.
x 2  5x  (3) 2  5(3)
 9  15
 6
Hence the given statement is wrong.
The correct statement is: x 2  5x gives 6 .

14. Find and correct the errors in the statement: (y  3)2  y 2  9

Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 22

Use the property (a  b)2  a 2  2ab  b 2 
L.H.S  (y  3) 2  (y) 2  2(y)(3)  (3) 2  y 2  6y  9  R.H.S
The correct statement is (y  3) 2  y 2  6y  9

15. Find and correct the errors in the statement: (z  5)2  z 2  25

Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
Use the property (a  b)2  a 2  2ab  b2  .
L.H.S  (z  5) 2  (z) 2  2(z)(5)  (5) 2  z 2  10z  25  R.H.S
The correct statement is (z  5) 2  z 2  10z  25

16. Find and correct the errors in the statement: (2a  3b)(a  b)  2a 2  3b 2
Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
L.H.S.
 (2a  3b)(a  b)
 2a  a  3b  a  2a  b  3b  b
 2a 2  3ab  2ab  3b 2
 2a 2  ab  3b 2  R.H.S.
The correct statement is (2a  3b)(a  b)  2a 2  ab  3b 2

17. Find and correct the errors in the statement: (a  4)(a  2)  a 2  8

Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
L.H.S.  (a  4)(a  2)  (a) 2  (4  2)(a)  4  2  a 2  6a  8  R.H.S
The correct statement is (a  4)(a  2)  a 2  6a  8

18. Find and correct the errors in the statement: (a  4)(a  2)  a 2  8

Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
L.H.S.  (a  4)(a  2)  (a) 2  [(4)  (2)](a)  (4)(2)  a 2  6a  8  R.H.S.
The correct statement is (a  4)(a  2)  a 2  6a  8
3x 2
19. Find and correct the errors in the statement: 0
3x 2
Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
3x 2 3  x  x
L.H.S  2   1  R.H.S.
3x 3 x  x
3x 2
The correct statement is 2  1
3x

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 3x 2  1
20. Find and correct the errors in the statement: 11 2
3x 2
Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
3x 2  1 3x 2 1 1
   1   R.H.S.
3x 2 3x 2 3x 2 3x 2
3x 2  1 1
The correct statement is 2
1 2
3x 3x

3x 1
21. Find and correct the errors in the statement: 
3x  2 2
Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
3x
L.H.S=  R.H.S.
3x+2
3x 3x
The correct statement is 
3x  2 3x  2

3 1
22. Find and correct the errors in the statement: 
4x  3 4x
Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
3
L.H.S   R.H.S
4x  3
3 3
The correct statement is 
4x  3 4x  3

4x  5
23. Find and correct the errors in the statement: 5
4x
Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
4x  5 4x 5 5
L.H.S.    1  R.H.S
4x 4x 4x 4x
4x  5 5
The correct statement is 1
4x 4x

7x  5
24. Find and correct the errors in the statement:  7x
5
Ans: Compare the L.HS. with the R.H.S.
7x  5 7x 5 7x
L.H.S.      1  R.H.S.
5 5 5 5

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 7x  5 7x
The correct statement is  1
5 5

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