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Photosynthesis Notes - SCIENCE

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, occurring in chloroplasts with chlorophyll as the main pigment. The overall equation for photosynthesis is 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2, involving light-dependent reactions that produce ATP, NADPH, and O2, and light-independent reactions that convert CO2 into glucose. This process is crucial as it provides oxygen, forms the basis of the food chain, and helps regulate atmospheric CO2 levels.

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9 views1 page

Photosynthesis Notes - SCIENCE

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, occurring in chloroplasts with chlorophyll as the main pigment. The overall equation for photosynthesis is 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2, involving light-dependent reactions that produce ATP, NADPH, and O2, and light-independent reactions that convert CO2 into glucose. This process is crucial as it provides oxygen, forms the basis of the food chain, and helps regulate atmospheric CO2 levels.

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definitelynotrin
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS

#### **I. Definition of Photosynthesis**

* **Photosynthesis** = the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria
convert **light energy** into **chemical energy**.
* Occurs in the **chloroplasts** of plant cells.
* Main pigment: **chlorophyll**.

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#### **II. Photosynthesis Equation**

$$
6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{light energy} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2
$$

* Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight → glucose + oxygen

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#### **III. Two Stages of Photosynthesis**

1. **Light-dependent reactions**

* Location: *Thylakoid membranes*


* Requires sunlight
* Produces: **ATP**, **NADPH**, and **O₂**

2. **Light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle)**

* Location: *Stroma*
* Uses ATP & NADPH from light-dependent reactions
* Converts CO₂ into **glucose**

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#### **IV. Importance of Photosynthesis**

* Provides **oxygen** for organisms to breathe


* Basis of the **food chain**
* Helps regulate atmospheric **CO₂ levels**

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