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Physics 2990 Notes

This document contains condensed physics notes covering key concepts in motion, forces, energy, momentum, circular motion, waves, optics, electricity, magnetism, and modern physics. It includes essential equations and principles such as Newton's laws, work-energy theorem, and Ohm's law, along with useful constants. Additionally, there is an offer to merge these notes with chemistry notes into a color-coded PDF cheat sheet for exam revision.

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orv.kim.dokja.company
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17 views3 pages

Physics 2990 Notes

This document contains condensed physics notes covering key concepts in motion, forces, energy, momentum, circular motion, waves, optics, electricity, magnetism, and modern physics. It includes essential equations and principles such as Newton's laws, work-energy theorem, and Ohm's law, along with useful constants. Additionally, there is an offer to merge these notes with chemistry notes into a color-coded PDF cheat sheet for exam revision.

Uploaded by

orv.kim.dokja.company
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Here’s a **random but handy physics notes pack** — condensed enough to scan quickly

but detailed enough to actually help.

---

## **1. Motion & Kinematics**

* **Equations of motion** (constant acceleration):

$$
v = u + at
$$

$$
s = ut + \frac12 at^2
$$

$$
v^2 = u^2 + 2as
$$

$u$ = initial velocity, $v$ = final velocity, $a$ = acceleration, $s$ =


displacement, $t$ = time.

* **Projectile motion**:

* Horizontal: $x = u_x t$
* Vertical: $y = u_y t - \frac12 g t^2$
* Time of flight: $T = \frac{2u_y}{g}$
* Range: $R = \frac{u^2 \sin 2\theta}{g}$

---

## **2. Forces & Newton’s Laws**

1. **First Law**: Inertia — no acceleration without net force.


2. **Second Law**: $F = ma$
3. **Third Law**: Equal and opposite reaction.

* **Friction**:

* Static: $f_s \leq \mu_s N$


* Kinetic: $f_k = \mu_k N$

---

## **3. Work, Energy, Power**

* Work: $W = Fd \cos\theta$
* Kinetic Energy: $KE = \frac12 mv^2$
* Potential Energy: $PE = mgh$
* Power: $P = \frac{W}{t} = Fv$
* **Work–Energy Theorem**: Net work = change in kinetic energy.

---

## **4. Momentum**

* Linear momentum: $p = mv$


* Impulse: $J = F \Delta t = \Delta p$
* Conservation: total momentum constant in isolated systems.

---

## **5. Circular Motion**

* Angular velocity: $\omega = \frac{\theta}{t}$ (rad/s)


* Centripetal acceleration: $a_c = \frac{v^2}{r} = \omega^2 r$
* Centripetal force: $F_c = \frac{mv^2}{r}$

---

## **6. Waves & Sound**

* Wave speed: $v = f \lambda$


* For strings & air columns:

* Fundamental freq: $f = \frac{v}{2L}$ (string, open pipe)


* $f = \frac{v}{4L}$ (closed pipe)
* Intensity: $I = \frac{P}{A}$, measured in W/m².

---

## **7. Light & Optics**

* Refractive index: $n = \frac{c}{v}$


* Snell’s Law: $n_1 \sin\theta_1 = n_2 \sin\theta_2$
* Lens formula: $\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{u} + \frac{1}{v}$
* Magnification: $M = \frac{h'}{h} = -\frac{v}{u}$

---

## **8. Electricity & Magnetism**

* Ohm’s Law: $V = IR$


* Resistance in series: $R_{eq} = R_1 + R_2 + \dots$
* Resistance in parallel: $\frac{1}{R_{eq}} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \dots$
* Electric field: $E = \frac{F}{q} = \frac{kQ}{r^2}$
* Magnetic force: $F = qvB\sin\theta$

---

## **9. Modern Physics**

* Energy of photon: $E = hf = \frac{hc}{\lambda}$


* Einstein’s mass–energy: $E = mc^2$
* De Broglie wavelength: $\lambda = \frac{h}{mv}$

---

## **10. Useful Constants**

* $g = 9.8 \ \text{m/s}^2$
* $c = 3.00 \times 10^8 \ \text{m/s}$
* $h = 6.626 \times 10^{-34} \ \text{J·s}$
* $k = 9.0 \times 10^9 \ \text{Nm}^2/\text{C}^2$
* $e = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \ \text{C}$
---

If you want, I can **merge these chemistry + physics notes into one color-coded PDF
cheat sheet** so it’s perfect for quick exam revision. That way it’s visually split
by subject but still on one page.

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