LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY

• Literacy: The ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute,
using printed and written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a
continuum of learning, wherein individuals are able to achieve their goals, develop their
knowledge and potential, and participate fully in their community and wider society.
• Media: The physical objects used to communicate with, or the mass communication
through physical objects such as radio, television, computers, film, etc. It also refers to any
physical object used to communicate messages.
• Media Literacy: The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in a variety of
forms. It aims to empower citizens by providing them with the competencies (knowledge and
skills) necessary to engage with traditional media and new technologies.
• Information: A broad term that covers processed data, knowledge derived from study,
experience,
instruction, signals or symbols.
• Information Literacy: The ability to recognize when information is needed, and to locate,
evaluate,
and effectively communicate information in its various formats.
• Technology Literacy: The ability of an individual, either working independently or with
others, to responsibly, appropriately, and effectively use technological tools. Using these
tools an individual can access, manage, integrate, evaluate, create and communicate
information.
• Media and Information Literacy: The essential skills and competencies that allow
individuals to engage with media and other information providers effectively, as well as
develop critical thinking and life-long learning skills to socialize and become active citizens
communicating including mass media (radio, television, computers, film, etc.).

LESSON 2: EVOLUTION OF MEDIA

Pre-Industrial Age
• discovered fire
• developed paper from plants
• forged weapons & tools with stone, bronze, copper and iron
Industrial Age
• used the power of steam
• developed machine tools
• established iron production, and the manufacturing of various products including books
through
the printing press
Electronic Age
• invention of the transistor
• harnessed the power of transistors led to the transistor radio, electronic circuits, and the
early computers
Information Age
• Internet
• Microelectronics: personal computers, mobile devices, & wearable tech
• digitalized voice, image, sound & data
LESSON 3: INFORMATION LITERACY
• Plagiarism: Using other people’s words and ideas without clearly acknowledging the
source of the information
• Common Knowledge: Facts that can be found in numerous places and are likely to be
widely known.
• Paraphrase: Using someone’s ideas, but rephrasing them in your own words. Although
you will use your own words to paraphrase, you must still acknowledge and cite the source
of the information
Stages/Elements of Information Literacy
A. Identifying/recognizing information needs
B. Determining sources of information
C. Citing or searching for information
D. Analyzing and evaluating the quality of information
E. Organizing, storing or archiving information
F. Using information in an ethical, efficient and effective way
G. Creating and communicating new knowledge

LESSON 4: TYPES OF MEDIA

A) Print Media: media consisting of paper and ink, reproduced in a printing process, that
is traditionally mechanical
B) Broadcast Media: Media such as radio and television that reach target audience
using airwaves as the transmission medium
C) New Media: Content organized and distributed on digital platforms
• Media Convergence:
• the co-existence of traditional and new media
• the ability to transform different kinds of media in digital code
D) Indigenous Media: Also known as community media;
•Anything that predates the first written accounts of this refers to any form of media utilizing
indigenous history is prehistoric
• including earlier technologies knowledge that is made and managed by, for, and about the
community

Symbolic Codes- demonstrates or shows what liesbelow what the audience see.
Written Codes -use of language style and textual layout (headlines, captions, speech
bubbles, language style)
Technical Codes- ways that equipment and techniques are used to tell a story or convey a
message in a media text.

LESSON 5: MEDIA AND INFORMATION SOURCES

A) Reliability of information - Information is said to be reliable if it can be verified and
evaluated
B) Accuracy of information - Accuracy refers to the closeness of the report to the actual data.
C) Value of information - Information is said to be of value if it aids the user in making or
improving
decisions
D) Authority of the source - Much of the information we gather daily do not come from a
primary
source but are passed on through secondary sources such as writers, reporters, and the
like.
E) Timeliness - Reliability, accuracy, and value of information may vary based on the time it
was
produced or acquired

LESSON 6 MEDIA AND INFORMATION LANGUAGES

Camera Shots and Angles
Abbreviation/ meaning/ description/ effect
ECU – extreme close up of eyes/face: aggression, discomfort
CU – close up of head/reaction: intimacy
CU head and shoulders – 2–3 people
MS – medium shot: to waist, 2–3 people
MLS – medium-long shot: full-body normal view
LS – long shot: room, normal view
ELS – extreme long shot: house, establishing the setting
ES – establishing shot: city, establishing the venue
Low angle: camera looks up – subject looks large – creates an impression of power
Normal or straight angle: camera looks at the subject from eye-level – subject looks equal
to viewer, who feels equal to, and may even identify with, subject
High angle: camera looks down – subject appears small – creates an impression of
weakness
Film Terms
Frame: a single still picture or image
Shot: the images that are filmed from the time the camera starts to the time it stops, with
no cuts
Sequence: a series of shots on the same subject
Cut: stop one shot / abruptly start second; creates the impression of different places, same
time
Fade out/in: go to black / go from black to picture; suggests passage of time, change of
place
Pan: camera moves from left-to-right or right-to-left across scene from one subject to
another – can be used to create suspense
Zoom: camera moves in (tight) or out (wide)
Tilt: camera moves vertically, up or down

LESSON 7: LEGAL, ETHICAL, AND SOCIETAL ISSUES IN MEDIA AND INFORMATION

LITERACY
A) Copyright - a legal device that gives the creator of a literary, artistic, musical, or other
creative work the sole right to publish and sell that work
B) Plagiarism - an act or instance of using or closely imitating the language and thoughts
of another author without authorization; the representation of that author's work as
one's own, as by not crediting the original author.
C) Cyber Bullying - bullying that takes place online, or using electronic technology such
as cell phones, computers, and tablets over communication tools including social
media sites, text messages, chat, and websites
D) Computer addiction - the excessive use of computers to the extent that it interferes
with daily life
E) Digital divide - an economic inequality between groups in terms of access to, use of,
or knowledge of ICT

LESSON 8: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN MEDIA AND INFORMATION

A) Hacking
It is an act committed by an intruder by accessing your computer system without your
permission
B) Virus dissemination
Viruses are computer programs that attach themselves to or infect a system or files,
and have a tendency to circulate to other computers on a network.
C) Phishing
This a technique of extracting confidential information such as credit card numbers
and username password combos by masquerading as a legitimate enterprise.
D) Email bombing and spamming
Email bombing is characterised by an abuser sending huge volumes of email to a
target address resulting in the victim's email account or mail servers crashing. “Spamming”
is a variant of email bombing.
E) Web jacking
Web jacking derives its name from “hijacking”. Here, the hacker takes control of a
web site fraudulently. He may change the content of the original site or even redirect
the user to another fake similar looking page controlled by him.
F) Cyber stalking
Cyber stalking is a new form of internet crime in our society when a person is pursued
or followed online.
G) Identity Theft and Credit Card Fraud
Identity theft occurs when someone steals your identity and pretends to be you to access
resources such as credit cards, bank accounts and other benefits in your name. The
imposter may also use your identity to commit other crimes.