1. How will you classify vibration?
The various classifications of vibration namely, free and forced vibration,
undamped and damped vibration, linear and nonlinear vibration, and deterministic
and random vibration
2. Define resonance?
When the natural frequency of vibration becomes equal to the frequency with
which the object is vibrating, the object will have a maximum amplitude.
3. Define steady state vibrations?
It is defined as a vibration that never settles down to motionlessness, but continues
to move at constant amplitude
4. What is critical speed of the shaft?
Whirling speed or Critical speed of a shaft is defined as the speed at which a
rotating shaft will tend to vibrate violently in the transverse direction if the shaft
rotates in the horizontal direction.
5. List out the various instruments used for measuring vibration?
Depending on the quantity measured, a vibration measuring instrument is
called a vibrometer, a velocity meter, an accelerometer, a phase meter, or a
frequency meter.
6. What are the causes of critical speed?
The unbalanced mass of the rotating object causes deflection that will create
resonant vibration at certain speeds, known as the critical speeds.
7. What do you mean by damping and damped vibration?
Damped Vibration
When the energy of a vibrating system is gradually dissipated by friction and other
resistances, the vibrations are said to be damped vibrations.
Damping
Damping is the method of removing energy in order to control vibratory motion
like noise, mechanical oscillation, and alternating electric current.
8. List out methods of finding the natural frequency of free longitudinal
vibration?
• Equilibrium Method.
• Energy Method.
• Rayleigh's method.
9. What are torsional vibrations?
Torsional vibration is oscillatory twisting of the shafts in a rotor assembly that is
superimposed to the running speed.
10.What is frequency measuring instrument?
It is a device used for measuring the repetitions per unit of time (customarily, a
second) of a complete electromagnetic waveform.
There are two different frequency meters available among our measuring
instruments:
Pocket frequency meters with a measurement range from 10 Hz to 2,6 GHz
Laboratory frequency meters (tabletop) with a range from 0.1 Hz to 1.5 GHz.
11.Define isolation factor?
Isolation factor is a ratio of transmitted force to the applied force, since it is a ratio
of two quantities having same dimension, it is a dimensionless quantity.
12.Give the equation for the maximum displacement in the case of forced
vibration?
13.What is meant by harmonic forcing?
The term harmonic forcing refers to a spring-mass system with viscous damping
excited by a sinusoidal harmonic force.F = F 0 sin.
14.Give Examples of forced vibrations?
Vibration of vehicles during the running on uneven roads, vibration of air
compressors and musical instruments
15.Give the governing equation of damped forced vibrations?
mx” + cx’ + kx = F(t) cos(wt)
16.Define damping ratio or damping factor?
The damping ratio is a dimensionless measure describing how oscillations in a
system decay after a disturbance.
18. Briefly explain elastic suspension?
automobile suspension, Elastic members designed to cushion the impact of road
irregularities on a portion of an automotive vehicle.
19.Specify any two industrial applications where the transmissibility effects
of vibration are important?
Industrial machines such as computer and numerical controlled (CNC) Lathe
machine, power generators, compressors, turning and milling machines etc.
20.What are the types of external excitation?
Direct Current Commutator Exciters (type DC)
Alternator Supplied Rectifier Excitation Systems (type AC)
Static Excitation Systems (type ST).
