The University of Gaziantep
Faculty of Engineering
ME 101
ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
Isometric Drawing
Dr. Ouzhan YILMAZ (Assist.Prof.) Mechanical Engineering Department Room: 319 [email protected] http://www.gantep.edu.tr/~oyilmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Introduction and Objectives
This lecture introduces the concept of Isometric projection and Isometric drawing of an object. Followings will be highlighted to be able to explain the Isometric drawing: Axonometric projection Isometric projection Isometric drawing Isometric and non-isometric lines (Boxing and offset methods) Angles in isometric drawing Curves in isometric drawing Circles in isometric drawing (Four center ellipse) Isometric circle arcs Students are required to understand the fundamentals of isometric drawing and the technical and practical details while drawing of an object.
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Axonometric Projection
Is a parallel projection technique used to create a pictorial drawing of an object by rotating the object on an axis relative a projection or picture plane. Axonometric projection is one of the four principal projection techniques: multiview, axonometric, oblique and Line of sight
A C B D C Parallel & normal to picture plane A B D
perspective
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Axonometric Projection
In Multi views and axonometric projections, the lines of sight are perpendicular to the plane of projection; therefore, both are considered orthographic projections
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Axonometric Projection
Type of axonometric drawing
a
Axonometric axis
c
1. Isometric
All angles are equal.
A
A C
B B a D D
Axonometric axis
c
2. Dimetric
Two angles are equal.
Axonometric axis
c
3. Trimetric
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
None of angles are
equal.
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric Projection
Rotate 45 about vertical axis Tilt forward (35o16)
An isometric projection is a true representation of the isometric view of an object.
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
All edges foreshorten about 0.8 time.
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric Drawing
Isometric drawing is a drawing drawn on an isometric axes using full scale. Isometric drawings are almost always preferred over isometric projection for engineering drawings, because they are easier to produce
Isometric projection
(True projection)
Isometric drawing
(Full scale)
Forshorten
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Full scale
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric Axes
An isometric drawing is an axonometric pictorial drawing for which the angle between each axis equals 120 degrees and the scale used is full scale
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Positions of Isometric axes
Isometric axes can be arbitrarily positioned to create different views of a single object.
Regular isometric
Reverse axis isometric
Long axis isometric
View point is looking down on the top of the object.
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
View point is looking up on the bottom of the object.
View point is looking from the right (or left) of the object.
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Selection of Isometric axes
View (a) is preferred as it reveals more detail than the others
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric and Non-isometric lines & planes
In an isometric drawing, true length distances can only be measured along isometric lines, that is, lines that run parallel to any of the isometric axes. Any line that does not run parallel to an isometric axis is called a non-isometric line Non-isometric lines include inclined and oblique lines and can not be measured directly. Instead they must be created by locating two end points.
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric and Non-isometric lines & planes
The three faces of the isometric cube are isometric planes, because they are parallel to the isometric surfaces formed by any two adjacent isometric axes. Planes that are not parallel to any isometric plane are called nonisometric planes
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric and Non-isometric lines & planes
True-length distances are shown along isometric lines.
Isometric line is the line that run parallel to any of the
isometric axes. Isometric lines
Nonisometric lines
Isometric axes
Isometric planes
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric drawing
The Boxing-in Method for Creating Isometric Drawings The four basic steps for creating an isometric drawing are: 1. Determine the isometric viewpoint that clearly depicts the features of the object, then draw the isometric axes which will produce that view-point. 2. Construct isometric planes, using the overall width (W), height (H), and depth (D) of the object, such that the object will be totally enclosed in a box. 3. Locate details on the isometric planes. 4. Darken all visible lines, and eliminate hidden lines unless absolutely necessary to describe the object.
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric sketching from multi-view drawing
Front View
Regular H
Top Front
W
Side
D
Top View
W
Side View
D
Reverse
Front
Side
Bottom
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric drawing
STEPS 1. Positioning object. 2. Select isometric axis.
3. Sketch enclosing box.
4. Add details. 5. Darken visible lines.
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric drawing
STEPS 1. Positioning object. 2. Select isometric axis. 3. Sketch enclosing box. 4. Add details. 5. Darken visible lines. Note In isometric sketch/drawing), hidden lines are omitted unless they are absolutely necessary to completely describe the object.
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric drawing: object has inclined surfaces
D
Nonisometric line
y H y
x x
Front View
W
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric drawing: object has inclined surfaces
x
C B A x B C A y x
y C
Nonisometric line
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Isometric drawing
x
Regular
y B
C E D A B
Front View
C A
D F
Reverse
E
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Drawing of Circle and Arcs
In isometric drawing, a circle appears as an ellipse.
Sketching Steps
1. Locate the centre of an ellipse.
2. Construct an isometric square. 3. Sketch arcs that connect the
tangent points.
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Drawing of Circle and Arcs
Four-centre method is usually used when drawn an isometric ellipse with drawing instrument. Sketching Steps
1. Locate the centre of an ellipse. 2. Construct an isometric square.
3. Construct a perpendicular
bisector from each tangent point.
4. Locate the four centres. 5. Draw the arcs with these centres
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
and tangent to isometric square.
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Drawing of Circle and Arcs
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Drawing of Circle and Arcs
Half circle
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Quarter circle
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Drawing of Irregular curves in Isometric drawing
Steps
1. Construct points along the
curve in multiview drawing.
2. Locate these points in the
isometric view. 3. Sketch the connecting lines.
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Hidden lines in Isometric drawing
In isometric drawings, hidden lines are omitted unless they are absolutely necessary to completely describe the object. Most isometric drawings will not have hidden lines.
To avoid using hidden lines, choose the most descriptive viewpoint. However, if an isometric viewpoint cannot be found that clearly depicts all the major features, hidden lines may be used.
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
Isometric Drawing
ME 101
Center lines in Isometric drawing
Centerlines are drawn only for showing symmetry or for dimensioning. Normally, centerlines are not shown, because many isometric drawings are used to communicate to nontechnical people and not for engineering purposes
Dr. Ouzhan Ylmaz
